Effects of exposure to Freon 11, 1,1,1-trichloroethane or perchloroethylene on the lipid and fatty-acid composition of rat cerebral cortex.

Abstract

Effects of exposure to Freon 11, 1,1,1-trichloroethane or perchloroethylene on the lipid and fatty-acid composition of rat cerebral cortex. by Kyrklund T, Kjellstrand P, Haglid KG Affiliation: Institute of Neurobiology, University of Goteborg, Sweden.This article in PubMed: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3387963Effects of exposure to Freon 11, 1,1,1-trichloroethane or perchloroethylene on the lipid and fatty-acid composition of rat cerebral cortex by Titus Kyrklund , PhD,1 Per Kjellstrand , PhD,2 Kenneth G Haglid, MD, PhD 1 KYRKLUND T, KJELLSTRANDP, HAGLID KG. Effects of exposure to Freon u , i , I, i-trichloroethane or perchloroethyleneon the lipid and fatty-acid compositionof rat cerebral cortex. Scand J Work Environ Health 14 (1988)91-94. Organic solvents are often present as mixtures in various industrial and household products. The adverse effects arising from exposure to these solvents have often been generalized to concern the whole group of solvents. in an examination of the possibility that organic solvents have general effects on experimental animals, rats were continuously exposed to vapors of the halogenated solvents Freon II , pcrchloroethylene, and l ,I, l-trichloroethane. The lipidcomposition and fatty-acid pattern of ethanolamine phosphoglyceride from the cerebral cortex were analyzed. It was observed that only perchloroethylene had effects on the brain lipidcomposition. Cholesterol and total phospholipids wereslightly reduced. Among the fatty acids the proportion of stearic acid was reduced and those of docosapentanoic, 22: 5 (N =6), and of docosahexanoic, 22: 6 (N =3), acids were increased. The changes in the fatty-acid pattern indicate that an alteration occurs in the desaturation of fatty acids. It seems probable that the chloroethylenes have specific effects on the fatty-acid pattern of brain phospholipids not shared by other solvents.

Exposure of Rats to High Concentrations of 1,1,1‐Trichloroethane and its Effects on Brain Lipid and Fatty Acid Composition

“…while it was changed to 1280 the last day of exposure. At the end of the experimental period all animals were decapitated, their brains being removed and dissected as previously described (Kyrklund et al 1988). Six animals in each group were subjected to analyses of lipid composition and fatty acid pattern.…”

“…Lipid and fatty acid determinations were performed as previously described (Kyrklund 1987;Kyrklund et al 1988). The fatty acid methylesters of total ethanolamine phosphoglycerides (EPG) were analysed by capillary-gas-chromatography on a DB-23 column (J & W Scientific, U.S.A.) of 30 m length and 0.53 mm 0 The analysis was started at 165" for 5 min.…”

“…Exposure of gerbils and rats to the little metabolised solvent perchloroethylene (Pegg et al 1979) and also to the similar but considerably more metabolised solvent trichloroethylene (Stott et af. 1982), have been shown to result in alterations in brain fatty acid pattern (Kyrklund et al 1986a;1987a;1988). TRI has also a two carbon structure as trichloro-and perchloroethylene but lacks the double bond.…”

“…For comparison with previous studies on chloroethylenes, rats were exposed to TRI at a concentration of 320 p.p.m. in air, the effects were compared with regard to changes in brain lipid and fatty acid composition (Kyrklund et al 1988). It was observed that the exposure to TRI, in contrast to the chloroethylenes, had no effects on the brain phospholipid fatty acid pattern.…”

Early lifestage exposure and potential developmental susceptibility to tetrachloroethylene

“…Altered brain neurochemistry: There are no studies in humans measuring brain neurochemistry after exposure to perc, in either children or adults. In experimental studies, altered brain neurochemistry has been observed after gestational exposure to rats (Nelson et al, 1979) and guinea pigs (Kyrklund and Haglid, 1991), as well as after adult exposure to rats (Honma et al, 1980a,b;Kyrklund et al, 1988Kyrklund et al, , 1990Savolainen et al, 1977;Wang et al, 1993) and gerbils (Karlsson et al, 1987;Kyrklund et al, 1984Kyrklund et al, , 1987Rosengren et al, 1986). These studies do not necessarily indicate increased effects on brain neurochemistry after gestational exposure compared to adult exposure.…”