Effects of exposure to dust in swine confinement buildings--a working group report.

Rylander, Ragnar; Donham, Kelley J.; Hjort, Charlotte; Brouwer, R.; Heederik, Dick

doi:10.5271/sjweh.1846

Cited by 67 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The inflammatory reaction after acute exposure to organic dust, with increased number of neutrophils, macrophages and activated lymphocytes, in healthy subjects is similar to the inflammation observed in patients with chronic bronchitis [21,22]. This is in accordance with the finding that repeated exposure to the farming environment leads to the development of airway disease, especially chronic bronchitis, in pig farmers [23,24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Exhaled nitric oxide and bronchial responsiveness in healthy subjects exposed to organic dust

Sundblad

Bm²,

Palmberg³

et al. 2002

Eur Respir J

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Exhaled nitric oxide and bronchial responsiveness in healthy subjects exposed to organic dust. B-M. Sundblad, B-M. Larsson, L. Palmberg, K. Larsson. #ERS Journals Ltd 2002. ABSTRACT: Inhalation of organic dust from swine houses causes an intense inflammatory reaction in the respiratory tract, and increased bronchial responsiveness to methacholine in healthy subjects. The aims of the present study were to investigate whether exhaled nitric oxide (NO) is a marker of the inflammation caused by exposure to organic dust (swine dust), whether there is a relationship between an increase in exhaled NO and bronchial responsiveness, and also whether wearing a half-mask influences the airway reaction (assessed by exhaled NO) and the increased bronchial responsiveness.Thirty-three healthy nonatopic, nonsmoking subjects were exposed during 3 h of light work in a swine confinement building. Eleven of the subjects were wearing a half-mask and 22 were unprotected. Lung function, bronchial responsiveness and exhaled NO were measured before and after exposure.The provocative concentration causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in one second fell by 2.7 (2.1-4.1) (median (25th-75th percentiles)) doubling concentration steps in subjects without a half-mask and by 1.5 (0.9-2.9) doubling concentration steps in subject wearing a mask. Exhaled NO increased from 7.5 (5.7-13.7) parts per billion (ppb) before to 13.4 (10.5-17.5) ppb after exposure in the unprotected group and was unaltered (8.3 (6.1-14.1) to 8.6 (6.6-14.6) ppb) in the group wearing a half-mask. There was no correlation between NO increase and provocative dose causing a 20% fall in the forced expiratory volume in one second decrease.In conclusion, bronchial responsiveness and exhaled nitric oxide increased after exposure to a swine confinement facility. Half-mask abolished the increase in exhaled nitric oxide levels, but influenced the increase in bronchial responsiveness to a minor extent. These results indicate that these two outcome measures reflect different aspects of airway inflammation induced by exposure to a farming environment. Eur Respir J 2002; 20: 426-431.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Exhaled nitric oxide and bronchial responsiveness in healthy subjects exposed to organic dust

Sundblad

Bm²,

Palmberg³

et al. 2002

Eur Respir J

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“…M ost of the evidence to date points to the development of airway disease, especially chronic bronchitis, as an important health risk in this kind of work [16,44]. In swine con finement units a large number of environmental factors with possible harmful effects on the airways have been identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness and exposure in pig farmers

Vogelzang

Gulden

Preller

et al. 1997

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

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Please be advised that this information was generated on 2018-05-09 and may be subject to change.Int Arch Occiip Environ Health (1997) Abstract Objective: To study the effect of exposure on bronchial responsiveness in pig farmers. Method: A group of 196 pig farmers were tested for lung function and bronchial responsiveness to histamine in the sum mer of 1992. To achieve sufficient contrast in respira tory morbidity and exposure, 96 of the farmers were selected because they had chronic respiratory symp toms and the remaining 100 because they were free from any respiratory symptoms. Personal exposure to dust, endotoxins and ammonia was measured during 1 working day in the summer of 1991 and 1 day in the winter of 1992. Data on farm characteristics were gathered in the same period. Results: After adjusting for age and smoking behaviour, mild bronchial re sponsiveness, defined as PCi0 ^ 16 mg/ml, was asso ciated with the use of quaternary ammonium com pounds as disinfectant [prevalence odds ratio (POR) 6.7, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.4-32.8], use of wood-shavings as bedding (POR 13.3, Cl 1.3-136.7), use of automated dry feeding (POR 2.8, Cl 1.0-7.8), use of pellets as feeding material (POR 4.8, Cl L I-21.1) and location of air exhaust via pit or roof in the confinement units (POR 2.7, CI 1.2-6.3). The associa- tion with the use of disinfectants other than quaternary ammonium compounds was not significant (POR 2.4,. No associations between bronchial re sponsiveness and measured exposure to dust, endo toxins or ammonia were discernible. Conclusion: Pro tective measures, designed to prevent airway disease in confinement farming, should be based on information about the operational and other characteristics of farms that are related to high exposure and health ef fects. Specifically, the use of quaternary ammonium compounds as disinfectant, the use of wood-shavings as bedding and the use of automated dry feeding should be discouraged.

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“…Exposure to swine buildings is a respiratory health hazard [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Farmers who work in these buildings have a high prevalence of chronic bronchitis [13][14][15], increased airway responsiveness [16][17][18], and a decline in their lung functions during the shift [19,20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of repeated swine building exposures on normal naive subjects

Cormier¹,

Duchaine²,

Israël-Assayag³

et al. 1997

Eur Respir J

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Exposure to swine confinement buildings has a negative impact on respiratory health. A short exposure to this environment results in an acute airway inflammatory response. The present study was performed to confirm and further define the acute effects of working in a swine building, and to determine whether these effects are reproducible.Seven previously nonexposed normal subjects underwent evaluations that included hourly measurement of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), methacholine challenge (the provocative concentration producing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20)), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), nasal lavage (NL), and blood analyses, before (control) and after each of two 5 h exposures to a swine building environment. The exposures were conducted 8 days apart. The levels of total dust, endotoxins, and ammonia (NH 3 ) in the confinement building were measured on each day of exposure.Both In normal naive subjects, repeated exposure to the environment of a swine building induced a marked and reproducible reduction in forced expiratory volume in one second, increase in airway responsiveness, and increased neutrophilic inflammatory response. These results could not be accounted for by any of the environmental factors measured.

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Effects of exposure to dust in swine confinement buildings--a working group report.

Cited by 67 publications

References 13 publications

Exhaled nitric oxide and bronchial responsiveness in healthy subjects exposed to organic dust

Exhaled nitric oxide and bronchial responsiveness in healthy subjects exposed to organic dust

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness and exposure in pig farmers

Effects of repeated swine building exposures on normal naive subjects

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