Effects of expiratory muscle training on the frail elderly’s respiratory function

Chigira, Yusuke; Miyazaki, Ikuri; Izumi, Masataka; Oda, Taiko

doi:10.1589/jpts.30.286

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, these studies were carried out using an expiratory pressure threshold device. A recent study [30] observed favorable effects of forced expiratory training on vital capacity and peak expiratory flow in frail and elderly subjects. In this study, the subjects practiced slow expiration using abdominal muscles and a resistance device for 20 min/day in 3 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of “upper-body yoga” in elderly patients with acute hip fracture: a prospective, randomized, and single-blind study

et al. 2019

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Purposes Hip fracture leads to decreased activity and an increased risk of pulmonary complications. The main purpose of this study was to observe the lung capacity, cough capacity of the elderly patient with acute hip fracture, and assess the effects and the feasibility of using a special-designed “upper-body yoga” training to treat elderly patients with hip fracture. Methods This was a prospective, randomized, and single-blind study. Eighty-four subjects aged over 65 years were randomly divided into either a control group or a yoga group to undergo an abdominal breathing program or an “upper-body yoga” program until 4 weeks after surgery. The primary outcomes were forced vital capacity/predicted value (FVC%), peak cough flow (PCF), Barthel Index (BI), and the incidence of pneumonia. The secondary outcomes were the rates of right skills and inclination. Results Thirty-nine subjects in the yoga group and 40 subjects in the control group completed this study. At the end of the first training week, FVC% (74.14% ± 13.11% vs. 70.87% ± 10.46%, P = 0.231) showed no significant difference between the two groups, while the value of PCF (204.80 ± 33.45 L/min vs. 189.06 ± 34.80 L/min, P = 0.048) and BI (38.59 ± 8.66 vs. 33.00 ± 9.32, P = 0.009) in the yoga group was higher. After 4 weeks of treatment, FVC%, PCF, and BI were higher in the yoga group (78.83% ± 13.31 % vs. 72.20% ± 10.53%, P = 0.016; 216.16 ± 39.29 L/min vs. 194.95 ± 31.14 L/min, P = 0.008; 70.77 ± 10.23 vs. 65.75 ± 11.30, P = 0.019). One in the control group and nobody in the yoga group was diagnosed with pneumonia. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the rates of right skills, whereas more elderly people preferred the training program of the “upper-body yoga.” Conclusion Elderly patients with acute hip fractures are at risk of impaired lung capacity and inadequate cough. “Upper-body yoga” training may improve the quality of daily life, vital capacity, and cough flow in elderly patients, making it a better choice for bedridden patients with hip fracture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of “upper-body yoga” in elderly patients with acute hip fracture: a prospective, randomized, and single-blind study

et al. 2019

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“…Therefore, IMT has been recommended as a part of pulmonary rehabilitation programs for patients with COPD [ 5 , 6 ]. Expiratory muscle training (EMT) can improve vital capacity and peak expiratory flow [ 7 , 8 ], which are also beneficial for cough function. In addition, the improvement in cough function is a vital part of pulmonary rehabilitation; therefore, RMT including IMT and EMT plays a critical role in the management of COPD [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Muscle Training Can Improve Cognition, Lung Function, and Diaphragmatic Thickness Fraction in Male and Non-Obese Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Prospective Study

Cheng

Lin

Hsu

et al. 2022

JPM

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Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are frequently comorbid with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Whether respiratory muscle training (RMT) is helpful for patients with COPD comorbid MCI remains unclear. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) with or without expiratory muscle training (EMT) was performed. Patients were randomly assigned to the full training group (EMT + IMT) or the simple training group (IMT only). A total of 49 patients completed the eight-week course of RMT training. RMT significantly improved the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), the diaphragmatic thickness fraction and excursion, lung function, scores in the COPD assessment test (CAT), modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale scores, and MMSE. The between-group difference in the full training and single training group was not significant. Subgroup analysis classified by the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) level of patients showed no significant differences in MIP, lung function, cognitive function, and walking distance. However, a significant increase in diaphragmatic thickness was found in patients with FEV1 ≥ 30%. We suggest that patients with COPD should start RMT earlier in their disease course to improve physical activity.

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Peak expiratory flow predicts the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer

Sawai,

Nakatani,

Sato

et al. 2024

Diseases of the Esophagus

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Summary Expiratory flow is an important factor in the achievement of airway clearance that is required to prevent postoperative pneumonia (POP). Although peak expiratory flow (PEF) has been shown to predict the occurrence of POP in lung cancer patients after lobectomy, its predictive power in relation to esophagectomy for esophageal cancer remains unknown. This study assesses PEF as a predictor of POP in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radical esophagectomy. We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent radical esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction at our institution between January 2007 and December 2022. Preoperative pulmonary functions, including PEF, were assessed before surgery. Additionally, POP was diagnosed as a Clavien-Dindo classification of Grade II or higher. Survival and pneumonia incidence were compared using the Kaplan–Meier method. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between these variables and POP. The study included 513 patients, of which 441 were men. POP occurred in 86 patients (16.7%). When all patients were stratified by %PEF into two groups, the group with %PEF lower that 80% had significantly poorer prognosis and higher incidence of pneumonia. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that %PEF (OR: 0.986, 95%CI: 0.974–0.999, P = 0.030), along with age, BMI, preoperative treatment, and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy were independent protective factors against POP. These results reveal that %PEF predicts the development of POP following esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

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Effects of expiratory muscle training on the frail elderly’s respiratory function

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

The application of “upper-body yoga” in elderly patients with acute hip fracture: a prospective, randomized, and single-blind study

The application of “upper-body yoga” in elderly patients with acute hip fracture: a prospective, randomized, and single-blind study

Respiratory Muscle Training Can Improve Cognition, Lung Function, and Diaphragmatic Thickness Fraction in Male and Non-Obese Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Prospective Study

Peak expiratory flow predicts the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer

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