Effects of experimental uncertainty on the calculation of hillslope flow paths

Sherlock, Mark D.; Chappell, Nick A.; McDonnell, Jeffrey J.

doi:10.1002/1099-1085(20001015)14:14<2457::aid-hyp106>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 49 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…(iv) Geophysical measurements proved useful to explore subsurface soil properties, which are crucial for processes (e.g. Sherlock et al, 2000). (v) Finally, the use of isotopic tracers (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What happens after the catchment caught the storm? Hydrological processes at the small, semi-arid Weatherley catchment, South-Africa

2005

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Abstract. The knowledge of water flow pathways and residence times in a catchment are essential for predicting the hydrological response to a rain storm event. Different experimental techniques are available to study these processes, which are briefly reviewed in this paper. To illustrate this, recent findings from the Weatherley catchment a 1.5 km 2 semiarid headwater in South-Africa, are reported in this paper. Beside classical hydrometric measurements of precipitation and runoff different experimental techniques were applied to explore flow paths (i.e. soil moisture and groundwater measurements, natural tracers, and 2-D electrical resistivity tomographies (ERT)).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What happens after the catchment caught the storm? Hydrological processes at the small, semi-arid Weatherley catchment, South-Africa

2005

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“…However, the processes leading to the pattern are poorly understood. Sherlock et al (2000) discussed the necessity to include the general uncertainty associated with hydrometric techniques in the subsurface (e.g. calculation of hillslope flow paths).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vectors of subsurface stormflow in a layered hillslope during runoff initiation

Retter

Kienzler

Germann

2006

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The focus is the experimental assessment of insitu flow vectors in a hillslope soil. We selected a 100 m 2 trenched hillslope study site. During prescribed sprinkling an obliquely installed TDR wave-guide provides for the velocity of the wetting front in its direction. A triplet of wave-guides mounted along the sides of an hypothetical tetrahedron, with its peak pointing down, produces a three-dimensional vector of the wetting front. The method is based on the passing of wetting fronts. We analysed 34 vectors along the hillslope at distributed locations and at soil depths from 11 cm (representing top soil) to 40 cm (close to bedrock interface).The mean values resulted as follows v x =16.1 mm min −1 , v y =−0.2 mm min −1 , and v z =11.9 mm min −1 . The velocity vectors of the wetting fronts were generally gravity dominated and downslope orientated. Downslope direction (xaxis) dominated close to bedrock, whereas no preference between vertical and downslope direction was found in vectors close to the surface. The velocities along the contours (yaxis) varied widely. The Kruskal-Wallis tests indicated that the different upslope sprinkling areas had no influence on the orientation of the vectors. Vectors of volume flux density were also calculated for each triplet. The lateral velocities of the vector approach are compared with subsurface stromflow collected at the downhill end of the slope. Velocities were 25-140 times slower than lateral saturated tracer movements on top of the bedrock. Beside other points, we conclude that this method is restricted to non-complex substrate (skeleton or portion of big stones).

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“…These hillslope experiments have been conducted at South Creek, Australia (Bonell and Gilmour 1978;Bonell et al 1981Bonell et al , 1983, Reserva Ducke, Brazil (Nortcliff and Thornes 1981), Fazenda Dimona, Brazil (Hodnett et al 1997), Ulu Belalong, Brunei (Dykes and Thornes 2000), Bukit Tarek, Peninsular Malaysia (Noguchi et al 1997), Danum, East Malaysia (Sinun et al1992;Chappell et al 1998Chappell et al , 1999aChappell et al ,b, 2004cChappell and Sherlock 2005), Luquillo, Puerto Rico (Schellekens 2000), Lutz Creek, Panama (Godsey et al 2004;Kinner and Stallard 2004), La Cuenca, Peru (Elsenbeer and Lack 1996), and Bukit Timah, Singapore (Sherlock et al 1995(Sherlock et al , 2000Chappell and Sherlock 2005). Others have attempted to generalise the runoff pathways illustrated in these studies (Chappell and Ternan 1992;Elsenbeer 2001;Bonell 2004), particularly in the upper layers of the ground; we attempt to add to this work.…”

Section: D2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the highest rates of soil permeability published are for the Amazonian site of Nortcliff and Thornes (1981). Even given the uncertainties associated with permeability data (Chappell and Ternan 1997;Sherlock et al 2000), such high permeabilities strongly D2 suggest no impediment to vertical drainage in the soil. A clay mineralogy dominated by gibbsite is indeed expected at this locality (Norcliff, personal communication).…”

Section: New Generalisation Of Water Pathways In Tropical Acrisol-alimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Last, the different techniques used to estimate the direction and magnitude of water pathways within individual experimental hillslopes can give very different results (Sherlock et al 2000;McDonnell 2003;Chappell and Sherlock 2005). So, the findings that we are trying to correlate with soil, regolith, or rock type may themselves not be an accurate representation of the flow pathways.…”

Section: D2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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