Effects of experimental conditions on the morphologies, structures and growth modes of pulsed laser-deposited CdS nanoneedles

Abstract

CdS nanoneedles with different morphologies, structures, and growth modes have been grown on Ni-coated Si(100) surface under different experimental conditions by pulsed laser deposition method. The effects of catalyst layer, substrate temperature, and laser pulse energy on the growth of the CdS nanoneedles were studied in detail. It was confirmed that the formation of the molten catalyst spheres is the key to the nucleation of the CdS nanoneedles by observing the morphologies of the Ni catalyst thin films annealed at different substrate temperatures. Both the substrate temperature and laser pulse energy strongly affected the growth modes of the CdS nanoneedles. The secondary growth of the smaller nanoneedles on the top of the main nanoneedles was found at appropriate conditions. A group of more completed pictures of the growth modes of the CdS nanoneedles were presented.

Pulsed laser assisted growth of aligned nanowires of WO3: role of interface with substrate

“…Another growth mode is Preferential Interface Nucleation (PIN). 46 Hence similar kind of observation is also applicable in our case where a laser energy less than 160mJ promotes only film like morphology. the catalyst-nanostructure interface.…”

“…At lower laser energy (110 mJ), the formation of lm like morphology is justied; it has already been reported earlier in cases of other binary oxides that below a certain laser energy no nanowire formation occurs. 46 Hence similar kind of observation is also applicable in our case where a laser energy less than 160 mJ promotes only lm like morphology. This is because of the fact that when the laser energy is less then the R/R e value is also less which lowers the value of D s and hence large island like growth occurs which coalesce due to the presence of T s and forms lm like morphology.…”

Optomechanical Thermometry of Nanoribbon Cantilevers

“…Following synthesis, the silicon substrates were observed to be coated with a brightly yellow colored layer of densely packed CdSNRs. The general shape of a single nanoribbon exhibited either a tapered wedge shape or a rectangular ribbon morphology, suggesting a combined vapor−liquid−solid (VLS) and vapor−solid (VS) growth mechanism. − The typical height (thickness) and widths of the NRs were 50–250 nm and 1–5 μm, respectively. However, NRs with thicknesses in the range 50–120 nm were used for our experiments following prior claims of thickness-dependent laser refrigeration …”

Pulsed laser deposition of single-crystalline Cu7In3/CuIn0.8Ga0.2Se2 core/shell nanowires

“…Compared to these methods, the pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) is a more proper alternative to prepare multiple compounds. ZnSe and CdS nanoneedles have been synthesized by PLD using Ni or Au as catalyst in our previous work [ 17 , 18 ]. On one hand, congruent evaporation makes PLD an appropriate method for synthesis of multicomponent compounds such as CIGS thin films [ 19 ].…”