Effects of exogenous growth hormone on growth and body composition in genetically selected mice

Bootland, Lorna H.; Hill, William G.; Sinnett-Smith, Patrick A.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.1310019

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…An alternative to the use of GH transgenes to stimulate growth rate is the administration of exogenous GH. Postweaning treatment with recombinant bGH in lines of mice divergently selected for lean body mass and percentage body fat, respectively, increased growth rate in all lines, but no genetic‐background by GH‐treatment interaction was found on a log scale (B ootland et al 1991; H astings et al 1993). The authors' interpretation of this finding was that sensitivity to GH had not been modified by selection, and sensitivity or numbers of hormone receptors had not changed over the course of selection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…A mutated bGH‐analogue transgene produced mice almost as large as normal bGH transgenic mice, but the mutated bGH mice had a higher fat content than non‐transgenic controls (K napp et al 1994). No effect of exogenous bGH on fat content was reported in lines of mice divergently selected for lean body mass and fat percentage, respectively (B ootland et al 1991; H astings et al 1993). Transgenic sheep carrying the same oMT1a‐oGH construct as in the mice of this study had a reduced fat content (N ancarrow et al 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An ovine‐growth‐hormone transgene model suitable for selection experiments for growth in mice*

Eisen

Murray

Schmitt

1995

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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Summary Because the oMT1a‐oGH transgene in mice can be regulated by dietary zinc, it provides a potential model for selection studies designed to increase growth rate. To determine the effect of oMT1a‐oGH on growth, fat content, and reproduction in the genetic background and environment in which selection would be conducted, males homozygous for the transgene were mated to females from high‐growth (M16) and control (ICR) lines to create hemizygous transgenics, TM and TC, respectively. Progeny either did (Z) or did not receive (C) 25 mm ZnSo4 from 3 (weaning) to 8 weeks. TM mice had larger (p < 0.001) weekly body weights than TC from 3 to 10 weeks, and Z mice were larger than C from 5 to 10 weeks in TC and from 6 to 10 weeks in TM. Significant (p < 0.01) line‐treatment interactions for weekly body weights from 4 to 8 weeks were caused by TC responding more to the transgene than TM mice. Compared to controls, male mice given zinc had reduced (p < 0.001) epididymal and subcutaneous fat‐pad weights as a percentage of body weight, but liver percentage was increased (p < 0.001). TC mice given zinc had reduced (p < 0.05) testis weights as a percentage of body weight, while there was no difference in TM mice. TM mice had larger liver (p < 0.01) and epididymal fat‐pad (p < 0.08) percentages than TC. Mating of Z females 2 weeks after discontinuation of zinc stimulation of transgene expression resulted in no significant differences between Z and C females in percentage infertile matings, days from exposure to a male to littering, and number of dead pups on day of birth; however, Z females had larger (p < 0.007) litters. This transgenic model is suitable for selection studies involving growth. When transgene expression is stimulated by exogenous zinc, growth rate is increased and there is no negative effect on female reproductive fitness when zinc supplement is discontinued. Zusammenfassung Ovines Wachstumshormontransgen in Selektionsversuchen auf Mäusewachstum Nachdem das oMT1a‐oGH Transgen in Mäusen mittels Zinkgaben reguliert werden kann, bietet es ein interessantes Modell zur Untersuchung von Wachstumsselektionsversuchen. Um seine Wirkung auf Wachstum, Fettanteile, Fortpflanzung in verschiedenen genetische Milieu und verschiedenen Umwelten untersuchen zu können, wurden transgen homozygote Mäusemännchen an Weibchen einer wachstumsselektierten (M16) und einer Kontrollinie (ICR) zur Erzeugung von hemizygoten transgenischen TM‐, TC —Tieren gepaart. Nachkommen erhielten (Z) oder nicht (C) 25 mm ZnSO4 von 3 Wochen (absetzen) bis zum Alter von 8 Wochen. TM‐Mäuse hatten größere wöchentilche Zuwächse als die TC‐Mäuse von 3 bis 10 Wochen und Z‐Mäuse waren größer als C von 5 bis 10 Wochen in TC und von 6 bis 10 Wochen in TM. Signifikante Linien mal Behandlungsinteraktionen für wöchentliche Körpergewichte von 4 bis 8 Wochen waren darauf zurückzuführen, daß die TC mehr auf das Transgen angesprochen haben als TM. Im Vergleich zu Kontrollen haben Mäusemännchen nach Zinkgaben reduzierte Nebenhoden‐und subkutane Fettgewichte aber höheren...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ovine‐growth‐hormone transgene model suitable for selection experiments for growth in mice*

Eisen

Murray

Schmitt

1995

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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“…The origin and selection of the mouse lines used in this experiment (the ' P ' lines) have been described by Sharp et al (1984) and Beniwal et al (1992 a) and the introduction of the lit gene by Bootland et al (1991 a). Briefly, the lines were derived from a crossbred base and selected for 20 generations on estimated lean mass at 10 weeks of age (using an index of body weight and gonadal fatpad weight), and for a further 23 generations on body weight at 10 weeks of age.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of growth hormone in lines of mice divergently selected on body weight

Hastings¹,

Bootland²,

Hill³

1993

Genet. Res.

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An understanding of the physiological and genetic changes which determine the response to selection is critical for both evolutionary theory and to assess the application of new molecular techniques to commercial animal breeding. We investigated an aspect of physiology, growth hormone (GH) metabolism, which might a priori have been expected to play a large part in the response of mouse lines selected for high or low body weight. Disruption of endogenous GH or addition of exogenous GH had similar proportionate effects on body weight in both lines of mice (although differences in body composition arose) suggesting that neither the production of GH nor receptor sensitivity to GH had been altered as a result of selection. This supports a 'pleiotropic model' of the response to selection: that many genes with diverse metabolic roles all contribute to the divergent phenotype. This result has significant commercial implications as it suggests that artificial selection, transgenic technology and environmental manipulation may be synergistic rather than antagonistic strategies.

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The Metabolic Actions of Growth Hormone

Goodman

2001

Comprehensive Physiology

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Effects of exogenous growth hormone on growth and body composition in genetically selected mice

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

An ovine‐growth‐hormone transgene model suitable for selection experiments for growth in mice*

An ovine‐growth‐hormone transgene model suitable for selection experiments for growth in mice*

The role of growth hormone in lines of mice divergently selected on body weight

The Metabolic Actions of Growth Hormone

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