Effects of Exercise Training in the Elderly on the Occurrence and Time to Onset of Cardiovascular Diagnoses

Posner, Joel D.; Gorman, Kevin M.; Gitlin, Laura N.; Sands, Laura P.; Kleban, Mortan; Windsor, Lisa; Shaw, Carl E.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1990.tb03492.x

Cited by 42 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…We have shown that our exercise subjects not only exhibited the physiologic changes we have described here, including a 20% increase in training work rate, but also exhibited, over the two years following training, a significant reduction in new‐onset cardiovascular diagnoses compared to our control subjects. This was true not only of a group that trained during the entire 2 years, but also of a subgroup that stopped after the 4‐months program herein described 30 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Low to Moderate Intensity Endurance Training in Healthy Older Adults: Physiological Responses after Four Months

Posner¹,

Gorman²,

Windsor-Landsberg³

et al. 1992

J American Geriatrics Society

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Low to Moderate Intensity Endurance Training in Healthy Older Adults: Physiological Responses after Four Months

Posner¹,

Gorman²,

Windsor-Landsberg³

et al. 1992

J American Geriatrics Society

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“…While we did not obtain a similar result, Donahue et al7 had a younger population, longer follow-up, more rigorous measure of activity, and more complete and objective ascertainment of coronary events. Studies with stronger designs generally show larger benefits associatedwith physical activity.I Posner et al 26 found a lower occurrence and delayed onset of cardiovascular diagnoses in elderly participants in an exercise program vs nonexercising controls over 2 years; however, the major difference occurred in the development of arrhythmias.…”

Section: Outcomes After 6 Yearsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Risk due to inactivity in physically capable older adults.

Simonsick¹,

et al. 1993

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OBJECTIVES. This study examined the association between recreational physical activity among physically capable older adults and functional status, incidence of selected chronic conditions, and mortality over 3 and 6 years. METHODS. Data are from three sites of the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly. RESULTS. A high level of recreational physical activity reduced the likelihood of mortality over both 3 and 6 years. Moderate to high activity reduced the risk of physical impairments over 3 years; this effect diminishes after 6 years. A consistent relationship between activity and new myocardial infarction or stroke or the incidence of diabetes or angina was not found after 3 or 6 years. CONCLUSIONS. Findings suggest that physical activity offers benefits to physically capable older adults, primarily in reducing the risk of functional decline and mortality. Future work must use more objective and quantifiable measures of activity and assess changes in activity levels over time.

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“…Many studies report that aerobic exercise improves aerobic capacity in older adults (1,4,9,10,14,17,21,33,35,39,41,48,53,61,69,70,73,79,81,84,91,93). Improvement with 3-12 months of exercise is modest and ranges from 5% to 20%.…”

Section: Effects Of Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Physical Activity on Health Status in Older Adults II: Intervention Studies

Buchner

Beresford²,

Larson³

et al. 1992

Annu. Rev. Public Health

253

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This review has focused on a specific part of the relationship of exercise to health. The overall evidence supporting the health benefits of exercise is substantial and has been critically reviewed recently (18, 94). Thus, the United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends that all adults exercise regularly (94). The conclusions summarized below regarding older adults do not affect this basic recommendation. There is solid evidence that exercise can improve measures of fitness in older adults, particularly strength and aerobic capacity. These exercise effects occur in chronically ill adults, as well as in healthy adults. Because physical fitness is a determinant of functional status, it is logical to ask whether exercise can prevent or improve impairments in functional status in older adults. The evidence that exercise improves functional status is promising, but inconclusive. Problems with existing studies include a lack of randomized controlled trials, a lack of evidence that effects of exercise can be sustained over long periods of time, inadequate statistical power, and failure to target physically unfit individuals. Existing studies suggest that exercise may produce improvements in gait and balance. Arthritis patients may experience long-term functional status benefits from exercise, including improved mobility and decreased pain symptoms. Nonrandomized trials suggest exercise promotes bone mineral density and thereby decreases fracture risk. Recent studies have generally concluded that short-term exercise does not improve cognitive function. Yet the limited statistical power of these studies does not preclude what may be a modest, but functionally meaningful, effect of exercise on cognition. Future research, beyond correcting methodologic deficiencies in existing studies, should systematically study how functional status effects of exercise vary with the type, intensity, and duration of exercise. It should address issues in recruiting functionally impaired older adults into exercise studies, issues in promoting long-term adherence to exercise, and whether the currently low rate of exercise-related injuries in supervised classes can be sustained in more cost-effective interventions that require less supervision.

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Effects of Exercise Training in the Elderly on the Occurrence and Time to Onset of Cardiovascular Diagnoses

Cited by 42 publications

References 22 publications

Low to Moderate Intensity Endurance Training in Healthy Older Adults: Physiological Responses after Four Months

Low to Moderate Intensity Endurance Training in Healthy Older Adults: Physiological Responses after Four Months

Risk due to inactivity in physically capable older adults.

Effects of Physical Activity on Health Status in Older Adults II: Intervention Studies

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