Effects of Exercise Training and Social Environment on Stress Resilience in Male and Female Long-Evans Rats

Long, Stephanie

doi:10.21236/ad1013416

Cited by 3 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 97 publications

(189 reference statements)

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“…Locomotor activity was measured using electronic physical activity monitoring (Perry, 2009;Berger, 2009;Long, 2010;Starosciak, 2010).…”

Section: Locomotor Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Body weight is often measured in preclinical investigations to provide information about the general health of the rat subjects (e.g., Berger, 2009;Brown & Grunberg, 1995;Elliott, Faraday, Phillips, & Grunberg, 2005;Faraday, 2002;Perry, 2009;Long, 2010;Starosciak, 2010). Additionally, in Experiment 1, body weight data were collected to verify that rodents were kept at 85-90% of free-feeding body weight.…”

Section: Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that is unlabeled in samples increases as a function of the decreasing percentages of bound radioisotope-labeled corticosterone (Berger, 2009;Perry, 2009;Long, 2010). Then, the addition of a second antibody causes the precipitation of antibody bound to antigen.…”

Section: Experiments 2 Data Analytic Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One-time serum corticosterone samples were obtained from the euthanasia procedure at the conclusion of the present research. Daily samples of corticosterone could be obtained in a non-invasive manner by collecting feces to measure fecal corticosterone (Long, 2010;Cavigelli et aI., 2005). Future research may elucidate the central mechanisms underlying the relationship between impulsive action and stress.…”

Section: Lsfnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The predatory stress procedure, in which rats are exposed to predator odors, is also an effective stressor that produces a reliable increase in corticosterone levels (Berger, 2009;Campbell, Lin, DeVries, & Lambert, 2003;Hayley, Borowski, Merali, & Anisman, 2001;Long, 2010;Perry, 2009). To induce predatory stress, each rat is exposed for 10 minutes to a cotton ball soaked with 15 ml of commercially available fox urine (Buck Stop Lure Co., Inc., Stanton, MI) in a standard-sized mouse cage (28.5 x 17 x 12 cm) or standard-sized rat cage (42.5 x 20.5 x 20 cm) with a lid in a designated procedure room.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impulsive Action, Psychological Stress, and Behavioral Sensitization to Nicotine in a Rat Model of lmpulsivity

Hamilton¹

2010

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Impulsivity, a construct characterized by immediate action without consideration of future consequences, is associated with cigarette smoking. Psychological stress increases cigarette smoking, and this effect may be augmented in impulsive individuals. Increased nicotine reinforcement under stress and in impulsive individuals may underlie relationships among the variables. The effect of stress on impulsive action and reinforcing actions of nicotine, and whether such effects differ in impulsive and non-impulsive individuals, is not known. The present research examined effects of stress on impulsive action, attention, and nicotine behavioral sensitization in Lewis (impulsive) and Fischer (non-impulsive) rats. Subjects were 32 male Lewis and Fischer rats used in a 2 (Lewis, Fischer)x 2 (stress, non-stress) factorial design with repeated measures. The research was divided into two conceptually distinct experiments using the same subjects.In Experiment 1, rats' impulsive action and attention were measured in the Five Choice Serial Reaction Time Task (5-CSRTT), and their locomotor activity was measured in locomotor activity chambers. In Experiment 2, rats' locomotor activity was measured daily immediately after they received injections of 0.5 mg/kg nicotine. Rats also were tested in the 5-CSRTT in Experiment 2, after locomotor activity was measured. Rats' serum corticosterone was measured iii after the conclusion of the Experiment 2. Several conclusions can be drawn from the present research: (1) Lewis and Fischer rats provide a valid rat model of impulsivity, with Lewis rats as the more impulsive rat strain. (2) Stress had an effect on impulsivity. Stress affected impulsivity differentially in Lewis (impulsive) and Fischer (non-impulsive) rats-stress decreased impulsivity in Lewis rats and increased impulsivity in Fischer rats. (3) Stress decreased attention. (4) Reinforcing actions of nicotine were greater in impulsive than non-impulsive organisms. (5) Stress increased nicotine reinforcement in impulsive organisms and decreased nicotine reinforcement in non-impulsive organisms. The present results are relevant to understanding why cigarette smoking is increased in impulsive and stressed individuals. Stress may increase cigarette smoking by making nicotine more reinforcing for impulsive individuals and by increasing impulsivity in non-impulsive individuals.iv Impulsive Action, Psychological Stress, and Behavioral Sensitization to Nicotine in a Rat Model of Impulsivity

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“…Locomotor activity was measured using electronic physical activity monitoring (Perry, 2009;Berger, 2009;Long, 2010;Starosciak, 2010).…”

Section: Locomotor Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experiments 2 Data Analytic Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lsfnmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impulsive Action, Psychological Stress, and Behavioral Sensitization to Nicotine in a Rat Model of lmpulsivity

Hamilton¹

2010

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Effects of Recurrent Stress and a Music Intervention on Tumor Progression and Indices of Distress in an MNU-induced Mammary Cancer in Rats

Rose¹

2011

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The present research examined biological and behavioral effects of recurrent stress, music exposure, and a sound ("noise") control on mammary tumor progression and indices of distress in female rats. All animals were injected with 1-methyl-1 nitrosourea (MNU) to induce mammary tumors. The present research was a 2 x 3 design with stress/no stress and music/noise/no music exposure as the independent variables. The biological variables were: day of first tumor detection, tumor multiplicity, tumor weight, tumor growth, adrenal gland weight, spleen weight, serum corticosterone, and body weight. The behavioral variables were: center time, horizontal activity, and vertical activity, ultrasonic vocalizations, and food consumption.

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Effects of Stress and Social Enrichment on Alcohol Intake, Biological and Psychological Stress Responses in Rats

Starosciak¹

2010

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Addiction and drug abuse are pervasive in society, and can result in illness, legal and financial trouble, and even death for dependent users. Licit substances, including alcohol, are widely available, easily obtainable, and relatively inexpensive. More than 75% of Americans have used alcohol at least once in their lifetime, and more than half of adults are current drinkers. Unlike most other drugs, alcohol may be health-promoting in low to moderate doses. vi Acknowledgements When I was in elementary school, I was accepted into the East Brunswick School District's Talented and Gifted (TAG) program, where the students were taken out of the normal classroom several times a week for an hour or two and allowed to work on special projects, learn advanced material, and interact with peers at the same scholastic level. As my mother loves to tell and retell, I was extremely distressed by the fact that I was missing my fifth grade science class to attend TAG classes. I begged her to let me quit and she did. My teachers were upset, my TAG teacher was upset, and the superintendent of schools was upset. Didn't I know I was being afforded an exceptional opportunity to develop and hone special academic skills? In my 10-year old mind, all I knew was that I always missed science class; I did not want to miss that class anymore! To this day, I am still the only student in East Brunswick to have dropped out of the TAG program (though I returned to the class the following year, when it was a separate class that did not overlap with other classes). At that time, my mother knew that science was the subject for me, and that I would succeed in science in the future. I believe that that experience was the first step in the many steps that brought me to where I am today. The last five years have been ruthless and enduring, but I am grateful for the many people who have helped me, guided me, supported me, pushed me, laughed with me, cried with me, and in some cases, carried me. First, I would like to thank the outstanding Uniformed Services University support staff in the Graduate Education Office and Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, as vii well as the faculty (especially Drs. Zygmunt Galdzicki and Denes Agoston for providing me with funding in the last year), staff and students of the Neuroscience Program and Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology. I also thank the members of my doctoral dissertation committee (Drs. Greg Mueller, Maria Braga, Andrew Waters, and Lei Zhang) for their guidance throughout the many steps involved in the development and completion of my doctoral research. Through my various lab rotations and collaborations with different faculty members in the Neuroscience Program, I have learned many techniques and skills that have helped me to become a more well-rounded neuroscientist, but I am especially grateful to Dr. David Jacobowitz. It was an honor and a privilege to work with such a renowned neuroanatomist and neuropharmacologist. He was always extremely patient when teaching me new techniques, but nev...

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Effects of Exercise Training and Social Environment on Stress Resilience in Male and Female Long-Evans Rats

Cited by 3 publications

References 97 publications

Impulsive Action, Psychological Stress, and Behavioral Sensitization to Nicotine in a Rat Model of lmpulsivity

Impulsive Action, Psychological Stress, and Behavioral Sensitization to Nicotine in a Rat Model of lmpulsivity

Effects of Recurrent Stress and a Music Intervention on Tumor Progression and Indices of Distress in an MNU-induced Mammary Cancer in Rats

Effects of Stress and Social Enrichment on Alcohol Intake, Biological and Psychological Stress Responses in Rats

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