Effects of Exercise on the Urinary Proteome

Abstract

Exercise-induced proteinuria has been observed and studied for more than a century. It was found that different sport disciplines alter the urinary proteome in different ways. Moderate-intensity exercise results in increased glomerular filtration, meaning that medium-sized proteins are excreted in higher amounts, while high-intensity exercise of short duration also increases the excretion of low molecular weight proteins as a result of tubular dysfunction. Exhaustive exercise may lead to the excretion of hemoglobin or myoglobin, which changes the urinary proteome considerably. Studies comparing protein maps of different sport types compared to a control group showed that quality and quantity of urinary proteins are interindividually different. In addition, urine samples collected before and after exercise exhibit substantially different protein patterns even from the same person. Therefore, further studies investigating the urinary proteome are desirable. As the variation of protein content and composition in urine are generally much higher than in other matrices, respective studies need to be well controlled and homogenous groups of volunteers should be chosen. In addition to the sport-related physiological and biochemical interest, exercise-induced protein changes also need to be considered for biomarker measurements from urine samples for kidney or other diseases.

Urinary chemical fingerprint left behind by repeated NSAID administration: Discovery of putative biomarkers using artificial intelligence

“…First, this pilot exploratory study has been performed in a relatively small and highly homogenous population of intact female domestic cats maintained under experimentally controlled conditions. Many extrinsic factors have been shown to affect the urinary metabolome including the gastrointestinal microbiota [57], [58], obesity/diet [59], [60], age [61], exercise [62], diurnal variation [63], gender [61], and environmental chemicals [64]. The elegance of the study reported here lies in the fact that we tested the metabolite selection using a separate data set generated during an independent study that included cats from a different breeder source, hosting conditions, and sampling times which increases the validity of this study's findings.…”

Urine Protein/Creatinine Ratios during Labor: A Prospective Observational Study

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“…The mechanism by which proteinuria is increased in laboring women is unknown, but may be related to an increase in glomerular protein filtration and/or a decrease in renal tubular protein reabsorption in labor as has been suggested for exercise-induced functional proteinuria [ 14 ]. Our study is the second to report that 39% of nonlaboring women at term had an elevated uPCR > 0.3 [ 6 ].…”

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