Effects of Exercise Intensity on Postprandial Improvement in Glucose Disposal and Insulin Sensitivity in Prediabetic Adults

Rynders, Corey A.; Weltman, Judy Y.; Jiang, Bingbing; Breton, Marc D.; Patrie, James T.; Barrett, Eugene J.; Weltman, Arthur

doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2687

Cited by 78 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The comparable increase in glucose R a /R d during exercise is consistent with earlier reports showing that contraction-induced glucose uptake is not impaired in type 2 diabetes [9,10,25]. Acute improvement in glucose control after one single bout of exercise in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance has also recently been shown [26,27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Type 2 diabetes alters metabolic and transcriptional signatures of glucose and amino acid metabolism during exercise and recovery

et al. 2015

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Aims/hypothesis The therapeutic benefit of physical activity to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes is commonly accepted. However, the impact of the disease on the acute metabolic response is less clear. To this end, we investigated the effect of type 2 diabetes on exercise-induced plasma metabolite changes and the muscular transcriptional response using a complementary metabolomics/transcriptomics approach. Methods We analysed 139 plasma metabolites and hormones at nine time points, and whole genome expression in skeletal muscle at three time points, during a 60 min bicycle ergometer exercise and a 180 min recovery phase in type 2 diabetic patients and healthy controls matched for age, percentage body fat and maximal oxygen consumption (VResults Pathway analysis of differentially regulated genes upon exercise revealed upregulation of regulators of GLUT4 (SLC2A4RG, FLOT1, EXOC7, RAB13, RABGAP1 and CBLB), glycolysis (HK2, PFKFB1, PFKFB3, PFKM, FBP2 and LDHA) and insulin signal mediators in diabetic participants compared with controls. Notably, diabetic participants had normalised rates of lactate and insulin levels, and of glucose appearance and disappearance, after exercise. They also showed an exercise-induced compensatory regulation of genes involved in biosynthesis and metabolism of amino acids (PSPH, GATM, NOS1 and GLDC), which responded to differences in the amino acid profile (consistently lower plasma levels of glycine, cysteine and arginine). Markers of fat oxidation (acylcarnitines) and lipolysis (glycerol) did not indicate

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Type 2 diabetes alters metabolic and transcriptional signatures of glucose and amino acid metabolism during exercise and recovery

et al. 2015

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“…The authors showed that indices of insulin sensitivity were improved by 51% and 85% following moderate and highintensity exercise, respectively. Additionally, while there was no difference in total AUC for glucose and insulin, moderate-intensity exercise improved the late-phase postprandial insulin AUC and high-intensity exercise improved both the insulin and glucose late-phase AUC (Rynders et al, 2014), which likely indicated an impairment in first-phase insulin secretion. Similar to other studies (Morishima et al, 2014;Rose et al, 2001), Rynders et al (2014) found that glucose levels peaked approximately 30 minutes following highintensity exercise, returning to near baseline levels at one hour.…”

Section: Premeal Exercisementioning

confidence: 83%

“…While many studies indicate that acute exercise lowers postprandial glucose (Gillen et al, 2012;Heden et al, 2015;Larsen, Dela, Kjaer, & Galbo, 1997;Larsen, Dela, Madsbad, & Galbo, 1999;Poirier et al, 2000;van Dijk et al, 2012;Rynders et al, 2014), others show either mixed effects (Ho, Dhaliwal, Hills, & Pal, 2010;Manders, Van Dijk, & Van Loon, 2010;Oberlin et al, 2014) or no effect (Baynard, Franklin, Goulopoulou, Carhart Jr, & Kanaley, 2005;Gonzalez, Veasey, Rumbold, & Stevenson, 2013;Knudsen, Karstoft, Pedersen, van Hall, & Solomon, 2014;Morishima, Mori, Sasaki, & Goto, 2014;Rose, Howlett, King, & Hargreaves, 2001). The four studies that have investigated the effects of acute aerobic (Larsen et al, 1997;Larsen et al, 1999;Poirier et al, 2001) or resistance (Heden et al, 2015) postmeal exercise on glucose control have all indicated a decrease in glucose and insulin in the postprandial period.…”

Section: Postmeal Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The beneficial effects of acute premeal exercise on the immediate postprandial period are unclear, but most studies report no change or exaggerated metabolic responses (Gonzalez et al, 2013;Knudsen et al, 2014;Morishima et al, 2014;Rose et al, 2001;Rynders et al, 2014). Rynders et al (2014) examined the impact of an acute isocaloric bout of moderate and high-intensity exercise on the exercise, post-exercise, and threehour OGTT metabolic responses in 18 prediabetic individuals.…”

Section: Premeal Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rynders et al (2014) examined the impact of an acute isocaloric bout of moderate and high-intensity exercise on the exercise, post-exercise, and threehour OGTT metabolic responses in 18 prediabetic individuals. Subjects completed three conditions in a randomized order including 1) control (rest), 2) moderate intensity exercise, and 3) high-intensity exercise.…”

Section: Premeal Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Postmeal Walking on Postprandial Glucose Control and Oxidative Stress

Knurick

Johnston

2016

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

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Background: Postprandial hyperglycemia can increase levels of oxidative stress and is an independent risk factor for complications associated with type 2 diabetes. Purpose:To evaluate the acute effects of a 15-min postmeal walk on glucose control and markers of oxidative stress following a high-carbohydrate meal.Methods: Ten obese subjects (55.0 ± 10.0 yrs) with impaired fasting glucose (107.1 ± 9.0 mg/dL) participated in this repeated measures trial. Subjects arrived at the laboratory following an overnight fast and underwent one of three conditions: 1) Test meal with no walking or fiber (CON), 2) Test meal with 10g fiber and no walking (FIB), 3) Test meal with no fiber followed by a 15-min treadmill walk at preferred walking speed (WALK).Blood samples were taken over four hours and assayed for glucose, insulin, thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS), catalase, uric acid, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). A iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Endothelial function following glucose ingestion in adults with prediabetes: Role of exercise intensity

Malin

Rynders

Weltman

et al. 2016

Obesity

Self Cite

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Objective To determine if high intensity exercise (HIE) would improve endothelial function more than an isocaloric bout of moderate intensity exercise (MIE) following glucose ingestion in adults with prediabetes. METHODS Twelve subjects with prediabetes completed all 3 conditions: time-course matched control (CON), and isocaloric exercise (~200kcal) at moderate [MIE; at lactate threshold (LT)], and high-intensity (HIE; 75% of difference between LT and VO2peak). Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was measured before exercise (baseline), within 30 min post-exercise and 1 and 2 hr following a 75g OGTT. Plasma F2-isoprostanes were also assessed during the protocol (i.e. baseline to 2 hr OGTT) as a biomarker of oxidative stress. RESULTS MIE reduced post-exercise F2-isoprostanesAUC compared with CON and HIE. Although exercise had no statistical effect on FMD post-exercise or during the OGTT, elevations in FMDAUC after MIE and HIE was associated with reduced post-exercise F2-isoprostanesAUC. CONCLUSION Exercise at either intensity had no effect on FMD immediately post-exercise following glucose administration. However, individuals with reduced oxidative stress responses to exercise had greater exercise-induced improvement in FMD. Further work is required to identify the mechanism by which exercise alters oxidative stress to enhance endothelial function.

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Effects of Exercise Intensity on Postprandial Improvement in Glucose Disposal and Insulin Sensitivity in Prediabetic Adults

Abstract: These results suggest that in prediabetic adults, acute exercise has an immediate and intensity-dependent effect on improving postprandial glycemia and insulin sensitivity.

Cited by 78 publications

References 37 publications

Type 2 diabetes alters metabolic and transcriptional signatures of glucose and amino acid metabolism during exercise and recovery

Type 2 diabetes alters metabolic and transcriptional signatures of glucose and amino acid metabolism during exercise and recovery

Effects of Postmeal Walking on Postprandial Glucose Control and Oxidative Stress

Endothelial function following glucose ingestion in adults with prediabetes: Role of exercise intensity

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