Effects of exercise intensity and cardiorespiratory fitness on the acute response of arterial stiffness to exercise in older adults

Perissiou, Maria; Bailey, Tom G.; Windsor, Mark; Nam, M.; Greaves, Kim; Leicht, Anthony S.; Golledge, Jonathan; Askew, Christopher D.

doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3900-5

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 74 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding is in line with previous studies in younger and older adults. 15,32 Despite a higher resting PWV in patients with AAA, exercise did not exacerbate aortic stiffness, with the changes in PWV during exercise recovery being similar between groups. The attenuation in aortic and systemic arterial stiffness after sub-maximal exercise, compared with seated rest, suggests there may be a reduction in aortic wall stress and an acute cardiovascular benefit from exercise for patients with AAA, similar to that reported for healthy adults.…”

Section: Aortic and Systemic Arterial Stiffness After Exercisementioning

confidence: 89%

“…Cardiorespiratory fitness and AAA size were added as covariates. 15 Statistically significant interactions were further investigated with multiple comparisons using Fisher's least significant difference approach. 28 Analyses were conducted using SPSS (version 22; IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) and statistical significance was set at p .05.…”

Section: Pulse Wave Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Exercise may be an effective approach for reducing arterial stiffness in patients with AAA. A single bout of moderate intensity exercise transiently lowers PWV and central blood pressure (cBP) in healthy adults, 15 and higher intensity exercise has been reported to induce larger reductions in PWV and cBP. 16 In contrast, increases in PWV were reported after high intensity exercise in adults with hypertension and obesity, 17,18 comorbidities commonly observed in patients with AAA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Aortic and Systemic Arterial Stiffness Responses to Acute Exercise in Patients With Small Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Perissiou

Bailey

Windsor

et al. 2019

European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Elevated arterial stiffness is associated with aneurysm progression and probably contributes to the high cardiovascular risk of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). It is demonstrated herein that the changes in aortic and systemic arterial stiffness are lower in patients with AAA after exercise compared with seated rest. This effect was most marked following higher intensity interval exercise. This attenuation in arterial stiffness suggests there may be an acute cardiovascular benefit of exercise in patients with AAA. The findings support the use of interval based high intensity exercise as a safe intervention to improve cardiovascular function in patients with AAA and adds to the evidence that exercise prescription should be part of the routine care of patients with AAA.Objective/background: Elevated arterial stiffness is a characteristic of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and is associated with AAA growth and cardiovascular mortality. A bout of exercise transiently reduces aortic and systemic arterial stiffness in healthy adults. Whether the same response occurs in patients with AAA is unknown. The effect of moderate-and higher intensity exercise on arterial stiffness was assessed in patients with AAA and healthy adults. Methods: Twenty-two men with small diameter AAAs (36 AE 5 mm; mean age 74 AE 6 years) and 22 healthy adults (mean age 72 AE 5 years) were included. Aortic stiffness was measured using carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), and systemic arterial stiffness was estimated from the wave reflection magnitude (RM) and augmentation index (Alx75). Measurements were performed at rest and during 90 min of recovery following three separate test sessions in a randomised order: (i) moderate intensity continuous exercise; (ii) higher intensity interval exercise; or (iii) seated rest. Results: At rest, PWV was higher in patients with AAA than in healthy adults (p < .001), while AIx75 and RM were similar between groups. No differences were observed between AAA patients and healthy adults in post-exercise aortic and systemic arterial stiffness after either exercise protocol. When assessed as the change from baseline (delta, D), post-exercise DAIx75 was not different to the seated rest protocol. Conversely, post-exercise DPWV and DRM were both lower at all time points than seated rest (p < .001). DPWV was lower immediately after higher intensity than after moderate intensity exercise (p ¼ .015). Conclusion: High resting aortic stiffness in patients with AAA is not exacerbated after exercise. There was a similar post-exercise attenuation in arterial stiffness between patients with AAA and healthy adults compared with seated rest. This effect was most pronounced following higher intensity interval exercise, suggesting that this form of exercise may be a safe and effective adjunctive therapy for patients with small AAAs.

show abstract

Section: Aortic and Systemic Arterial Stiffness After Exercisementioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Pulse Wave Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Aortic and Systemic Arterial Stiffness Responses to Acute Exercise in Patients With Small Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Perissiou

Bailey

Windsor

et al. 2019

European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, combined AER and RES chronic regimes have resulted in beneficial changes in resting wave reflection and/or arterial stiffness measures for older adults (Cook et al, 2006 ), women with metabolic syndrome (Eleuterio-Silva et al, 2013 ), obese men/women (Yang et al, 2011 ), patients with cardiovascular disease (Zhang et al, 2018 ) and hypertensive adults (Li et al, 2015 ; Jeon et al, 2018 ). The inclusion of AER following RES during an acute exercise session may counteract the potential negative effects of RES (Fahs et al, 2009 ; Sardeli et al, 2018 ; Tai et al, 2018 ) with acute AER reported to improve wave reflection and/or arterial stiffness measures in young (Munir et al, 2008 ; Lane et al, 2013 ; Milatz et al, 2015 ; Kobayashi et al, 2017 ) and older (Perissiou et al, 2018 ) healthy adults. Identifying both the acute and chronic responses of wave reflection and/or arterial stiffness in clinical populations could assist in establishing superior and safe exercise prescription for enhanced cardiovascular function and long-term health in these cohorts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Exercise Mode on Post-exercise Arterial Stiffness and Pressure Wave Measures in Healthy Adult Males

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Exercise mode has been reported to be an important determinant of arterial stiffness and wave reflection changes following a brief bout of exercise with inconsistent results to date. This study examined the impact of exercise mode on arterial stiffness and pressure wave measures following acute aerobic exercise (AER), resistance exercise (RES), and a control (CON) condition with no exercise.Methods: In a randomized, cross-over, repeated measures design, 21 healthy adult males (26.7 ± 7.2 years) undertook three experimental intervention sessions: AER (30-min cycle ergometry at 70–75% maximum heart rate), RES (3 × 10 repetitions of six upper and lower body exercises at 80–90% of 10-repetition maximum) and CON (30-min seated rest). Measures of arterial stiffness and pressure waves, such as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), augmentation index (AIx), AIx corrected for heart rate of 75 (AIx75), and forward wave (Pf), backward wave (Pb) and reflection magnitude, were assessed at Rest and at 10-min intervals for 60 min after the intervention sessions. Comparisons between interventions and over time were assessed via repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey's tests.Results: No significant differences in cf-PWV were noted between the three interventions at rest or post-intervention. However, RES led to significantly greater post-intervention AIx, AIx75, Pf, and Pb compared to AER and CON with AIx75 also remaining significantly elevated throughout the post-intervention period. In contrast, AER resulted in a brief, significant elevation of AIx75 and no change in cf-PWV, Pf, Pb, and reflection magnitude.Conclusions: Exercise mode, specifically RES and AER, significantly influenced the time course of pressure wave reflection responses following a brief bout of exercise in healthy adult males. Distinct adjustments during exercise including changes in blood pressure and vasomotor tone may be key modulators of post-exercise arterial function. Identification of modal differences may assist in understanding the impact of exercise on cardiovascular function and the mechanisms by which exercise benefits vascular health.

show abstract

“…The drop of exmPAP and PAWP with higher performance may reflect better vascular compliance in patients with higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF, expressed by peak power). [37][38][39] A PVR threshold >3WU has been suggested at rest 17 and exercise 19 and was reached at 100W (3.8WU±1.5). Across all variables CRF turned out to play a major role in the definition of exPH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Vital capacity and valvular dysfunction could serve as non-invasive predictors to screen for exercise pulmonary hypertension in the elderly based on a new diagnostic score

Wernhart

Hedderich²,

Weihe

2021

J Cardiovasc Thorac Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Exercise pulmonary hypertension (exPH) has been defined as total pulmonary resistance (TPR) >3 mm Hg/L/min and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) >30 mm Hg, albeit with a considerable risk of false positives in elderly patients with lower cardiac output during exercise. Methods:We retrospectively analysed patients with unclear dyspnea receiving right heart catheterisation at rest and exercise (n=244) between January 2015 and January 2020. Lung function testing, blood gas analysis, and echocardiography were performed. We elaborated a combinatorial score to advance the current definition of exPH in an elderly population (mean age 67.0 years±11.9). A stepwise regression model was calculated to non-invasively predict exPH. Results: Analysis of variables across the achieved peak power allowed the creation of a model for defining exPH, where three out of four criteria needed to be fulfilled: Peak power ≤100 Watt, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ≥18 mm Hg, pulmonary vascular resistance >3 Wood Units, and mPAP ≥35 mm Hg. The new scoring model resulted in a lower number of exPH diagnoses than the current suggestion (63.1% vs. 78.3%). We present a combinatorial model with vital capacity (VCmax) and valvular dysfunction to predict exPH (sensitivity 93.2%; specificity 44.2%, area under the curve 0.73) based on our suggested criteria. The odds of the presence of exPH were 2.1 for a 1 l loss in VCmax and 3.6 for having valvular dysfunction. Conclusion: We advance a revised definition of exPH in elderly patients in order to overcome current limitations. We establish a new non-invasive approach to predict exPH by assessing VCmax and valvular dysfunction for early risk stratification in elderly patients.

show abstract

Effects of exercise intensity and cardiorespiratory fitness on the acute response of arterial stiffness to exercise in older adults

Cited by 16 publications

References 74 publications

Aortic and Systemic Arterial Stiffness Responses to Acute Exercise in Patients With Small Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Aortic and Systemic Arterial Stiffness Responses to Acute Exercise in Patients With Small Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Influence of Exercise Mode on Post-exercise Arterial Stiffness and Pressure Wave Measures in Healthy Adult Males

Vital capacity and valvular dysfunction could serve as non-invasive predictors to screen for exercise pulmonary hypertension in the elderly based on a new diagnostic score

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About