Effects of Ethephon on Aerenchyma Formation in Rice Roots

Yu, Kui; Zhong, Wang; Chen, Juan; Pan, Xue-tong; Liu, Datong; Zhang, Erjin

doi:10.1016/s1672-6308(08)60081-5

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…3 and Tables 2 and 4 ). We also confirmed previous data showing that aerenchyma formation in different cultivars responded to external ethylene treatments ( Justin and Armstrong 1991 ; Kong et al . 2009 ) using Tukey's test, which showed a significant difference between cultivars (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Root aeration improves growth and nitrogen accumulation in rice seedlings under low nitrogen

Zhu

Liang

et al. 2015

AoB PLANTS

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As rice adapts to waterlogged conditions it develops aerenchyma to transport O2 from shoots to roots and leaches O2 into the rhizosphere to balance the soil redox potential for rice root growth and the growth of bacteria such as ammonium oxidation bacteria, which can convert ammonium into nitrate and influence the total N uptake by rice roots. We showed that rice cultivars differ in aerenchyma development, nitrogen uptake and gene response to external aeration treatment. Interestingly, we found that the effect of nitrogen on rice plant growth depends on environmental O2 level.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…2000 ). Formation of aerenchyma is affected by external ethylene but to different extents among different cultivars ( Justin and Armstrong 1991 ; Kong et al . 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root aeration improves growth and nitrogen accumulation in rice seedlings under low nitrogen

Zhu

Liang

et al. 2015

AoB PLANTS

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first time ethephon has been used to treat bacteria with ethylene. However, there are numerous literature reports that describe treating plants with millimolar concentrations of ethephon ( Denney and Martin, 1994 ; Khan, 2004 ; Kong et al, 2009 ; Dhillon and Mahajan, 2011 ; Wang et al, 2013 ). Burg and Burg (1962) showed that ethylene production levels in fruit vary depending on the cultivar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phytohormone Ethylene Enhances Cellulose Production, Regulates CRP/FNRKx Transcription and Causes Differential Gene Expression within the Bacterial Cellulose Synthesis Operon of Komagataeibacter (Gluconacetobacter) xylinus ATCC 53582

Augimeri

Strap

2015

Front. Microbiol.

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Komagataeibacter (formerly Gluconacetobacter) xylinus ATCC 53582 is a plant-associated model organism for bacterial cellulose (BC) biosynthesis. This bacterium inhabits the carposphere where it interacts with fruit through the bi-directional transfer of phytohormones. The majority of research regarding K. xylinus has been focused on identifying and characterizing structural and regulatory factors that control BC biosynthesis, but its ecophysiology has been generally overlooked. Ethylene is a phytohormone that regulates plant development in a variety of ways, but is most commonly known for its positive role on fruit ripening. In this study, we utilized ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) to produce in situ ethylene to investigate the effects of this phytohormone on BC production and the expression of genes known to be involved in K. xylinus BC biosynthesis (bcsA, bcsB, bcsC, bcsD, cmcAx, ccpAx and bglAx). Using pellicle assays and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), we demonstrate that ethephon-derived ethylene enhances BC directly in K. xylinus by up-regulating the expression of bcsA and bcsB, and indirectly though the up-regulation of cmcAx, ccpAx, and bglAx. We confirm that IAA directly decreases BC biosynthesis by showing that IAA down-regulates bcsA expression. Similarly, we confirm that ABA indirectly influences BC biosynthesis by showing it does not affect the expression of bcs operon genes. In addition, we are the first to report the ethylene and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) induced differential expression of genes within the bacterial cellulose synthesis (bcs) operon. Using bioinformatics we have identified a novel phytohormone-regulated CRP/FNRKx transcription factor and provide evidence that it influences BC biosynthesis in K. xylinus. Lastly, utilizing current and previous data, we propose a model for the phytohormone-mediated fruit-bacteria interactions that K. xylinus experiences in nature.

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“…chinensis ) across the coastal marsh might have significant effects on the low N 2 O emissions during the growing season. Many studies have demonstrated that, under flooding or anaerobic conditions, the three mash plants could transport oxygen from aboveground parts to roots by aerenchyma (Han et al 2005 ; Ling et al 2008 ; Kong et al 2008 ; Ge and Zhang 2011 ), which generally formed oxidizing microenvironment around rhizosphere soil (Kong et al 2008 ). Moreover, the roots of the three plants could excrete some small molecular compounds (glucide, organic acid, and amion acid), which caused the microorganism amount and microbial activity in rhizosphere soil to be much higher than those in non-rhizosphere soil (Ling et al 2008 ; Cheng 2009 ; Wang et al 2010b ; Ge and Zhang 2011 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal variations of nitrous oxide flux between coastal marsh and the atmosphere in the Yellow River estuary of China

Sun

Wang

Mou

et al. 2013

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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To investigate the spatial and seasonal variations of nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes and understand the key controlling factors, we explored N2O fluxes and environmental variables in high marsh (HM), middle marsh (MM), low marsh (LM), and mudflat (MF) in the Yellow River estuary throughout a year. Fluxes of N2O differed significantly between sampling periods as well as between sampling positions. During all times of day and the seasons measured, N2O fluxes ranged from −0.0051 to 0.0805 mg N2O m−2 h−1, and high N2O emissions occurred during spring (0.0278 mg N2O m−2 h−1) and winter (0.0139 mg N2O m−2 h−1) while low fluxes were observed during summer (0.0065 mg N2O m−2 h−1) and autumn (0.0060 mg N2O m−2 h−1). The annual average N2O flux from the intertidal zone was 0.0117 mg N2O m−2 h−1, and the cumulative N2O emission throughout a year was 113.03 mg N2O m−2, indicating that coastal marsh acted as N2O source. Over all seasons, N2O fluxes from the four marshes were significantly different (p < 0.05), in the order of HM (0.0256 ± 0.0040 mg N2O m−2 h−1) > MF (0.0107 ± 0.0027 mg N2O m−2 h−1) > LM (0.0073 ± 0.0020 mg N2O m−2 h−1) > MM (0.0026 ± 0.0011 mg N2O m−2 h−1). Temporal variations of N2O emissions were related to the vegetations (Suaeda salsa, Phragmites australis, and Tamarix chinensis) and the limited C and mineral N in soils during summer and autumn and the frequent freeze/thaw cycles in soils during spring and winter, while spatial variations were mainly affected by tidal fluctuation and plant composition at spatial scale. This study indicated the importance of seasonal N2O contributions (particularly during non-growing season) to the estimation of local N2O inventory, and highlighted both the large spatial variation of N2O fluxes across the coastal marsh (CV = 158.31 %) and the potential effect of exogenous nitrogen loading to the Yellow River estuary on N2O emission should be considered before the annual or local N2O inventory was evaluated accurately.

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Effects of Ethephon on Aerenchyma Formation in Rice Roots

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Root aeration improves growth and nitrogen accumulation in rice seedlings under low nitrogen

Root aeration improves growth and nitrogen accumulation in rice seedlings under low nitrogen

The Phytohormone Ethylene Enhances Cellulose Production, Regulates CRP/FNRKx Transcription and Causes Differential Gene Expression within the Bacterial Cellulose Synthesis Operon of Komagataeibacter (Gluconacetobacter) xylinus ATCC 53582

Spatial and temporal variations of nitrous oxide flux between coastal marsh and the atmosphere in the Yellow River estuary of China

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