Effects of ethanol on brain lactate in experimental traumatic brain injury with hemorrhagic shock

Zink, Brian J.; Schultz, Carol; Wang, Xu; Mertz, M.; Stern, Susan A.; Betz, A. Lorris

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01646-7

Cited by 39 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…17, [54][55][56] This may be due to hemodynamic and respiratory depression, hemostatic derangements, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and an impaired physiological ability to compensate for shock.…”

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confidence: 99%

Alcohol and mortality after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Raj¹,

Mikkonen

Siironen³

et al. 2016

JNS

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T raumaTic brain injury (TBI) is defined as an alteration of brain function, or other evidence of brain pathology, caused by an external force.28 Moderate to severe TBI is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. 27 Every year approximately 1.5 million people die and 10 million people are hospitalized due to TBI. 18 This leads to great suffering for patients and their relatives, with huge direct and indirect costs to society. 10,32 It has been estimated that the annual costs of TBI in the US are more than $76.5 billion.9 Numerous clinical trials have failed to demonstrate the efficacy of promising experimental neuroprotective agents despite convincing preclinical data. Over the past 2 decades there have not been clear improvements in the prognosis of patients with TBI. 24,25 Description of the interventionUp to half of all patients with TBI are under the influence of alcohol at the time of injury. 44,49 Clinical studies investigating the role of alcohol (ethanol, CH 3 CH 2 OH, referred to as alcohol in the present study) on the outcome of TBI have been either retrospective or observational, as it probably would be unethical, unless strong evidence can be laid out, to administer alcohol to patients presenting with TBI. This meta-analysis investigates the impact of the presence of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) on outcome after TBI. How Might alcohol work as a Neuroprotective agent?The neuroprotective properties of alcohol have been abbreviatioNs AIS = Abbreviated Injury Scale; BAC = blood alcohol concentration; GCS = Glasgow Coma Scale; NMDAR = N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor; TBI = traumatic brain injury. but with good study homogeneity (I 2 = 36% and 14%). coNclusioNs Positive BAC was significantly associated with lower mortality rates in moderate to severe TBI. Whether this observation is due to selection bias or neuroprotective effects of alcohol remains unknown. Future prospective studies adjusting for TBI heterogeneity is advocated to establish the potential favorable effects of alcohol on outcome after TBI.

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confidence: 99%

Alcohol and mortality after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Raj¹,

Mikkonen

Siironen³

et al. 2016

JNS

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“…Specific patterns in the concentrations of these markers can provide sufficient information to identify the type of injury occurred in a body. Abnormal increase in the concentration of glucose might originate from hemorrhagic shock (HS) (Kline et al, 1997;Zink et al, 1999), while higher than normal physiological concentration of lactate could be caused also by HS or/and trauma brain injury (TBI) (Zink et al, 1999;Prasad et al, 1994). A high concentration of NE can be indicative of any traumatic injury (Prasad et al, 1994;Rosenberg et al, 1961).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme logic gates for the digital analysis of physiological level upon injury

Manesh

Halámek

Pita

et al. 2009

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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“…Specific concentration patterns of these biomarkers can provide sufficient information to identify the type of injury occurring in a body. Abnormal increase in the concentration of glucose might originate from HS [29,30], while higher than normal physiological lactate concentration could be caused also by HS or/and TBI [30,31]. A high concentration of NE can be indicative of any traumatic injury [31,32].…”

Section: Enzyme-based Logic Systems For Identification Of Injury Condmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The digitized signals were considered as logic 0 when the inputs were applied at their physiologically normal concentrations: 4 mM glucose, 2 mM lactate, and 2.2 nM NE. Abnormally high concentrations of glucose (30 mM) characteristic of HS [29,30], of lactate (13 mM) observed in case of both TBI and HS [30,31], and of NE (3.5 μM) typical for any traumatic injury [31,32] were considered as logic 1 values for the input signals. Biochemical processing of different patterns of the biomarkers resulted in the formation of norepi-quinone (NQ) and NADH defined as the output signals (Figures 5.2 and 5.3), respectively.…”

Section: Enzyme-based Logic Systems For Identification Of Injury Condmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar complication may occur for adenine 5 -diphosphate (ADP) in the STI system. Since lactate is a common blood constituent, with its concentration significantly elevated by most traumatic injuries [30,31], it can prevent the conversion of pyruvate to lactate and the readout of the output signal corresponding to the decrease of the NADH concentration. In order to suppress the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) induced biocatalytic conversion of lactate to pyruvate for the proper performance of the STI system, the solution pH value should be optimized.…”

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Enzyme Logic Digital Biosensors for Biomedical Applications

Katz

Wang

2012

Biomolecular Information Processing

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Despite the great success and rapid development of chemical [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and biochemical [8][9][10][11][12][13] computing systems, most of them represent only the proof of the concept demonstrating the possibility of performing computing/logic operations with the use of molecular systems. They are not ready yet for any practical application. Indeed, these unconventional chemical computing systems are hardly organized in small circuitries, and are capable of solving only basic arithmetic/logic operations on the timescale of minutes or even hours. On the other hand, application of molecular logic systems for analytical purposes could yield a novel class of sensors that are able to accept many input signals and produce binary outputs in the form of ''YES''/''NO,'' which are particularly important for biomedical applications. This approach has been already successfully applied to analyze protein libraries associated with multiple sclerosis [14]. Logically processed feedback between drug delivery application and physiological conditions can significantly improve drug targeting and efficiency [15]. The well-developed field of DNA biocomputing [16] spins out from solving combinatorial problems [17] to analyzing biomedical multiparameter physiological conditions [18]. Programmable and autonomous DNA computing systems operating in vitro have demonstrated logic multiparameter analysis of disease-related biomolecular markers, and can be applied in future for in situ medical diagnosis and cure [18,19]. For example, biosensor systems for detecting genetic modifications in avian influenza [20] were developed on the basis of the DNA computing principles, in which various oligonucleotide signals were logically processed by a DNA logic network. Coupling enzyme logic systems with controlled self-assembly of nanoparticles allowed logic AND/OR responses to cancer markers matrix-metalloproteinases: MMP2 and MMP7) [21].The logically controlled aggregation of the superparamagnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles was detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thus promising easy adaptation of the method to future in vivo medical applications. The results of the logically processed biomolecular signals can be stored in enzyme-controlled set-reset flip-flop memory units [22]. The terminal memory units can be Biomolecular Information Processing: From Logic Systems to Smart Sensors and Actuators, First Edition. Edited by Evgeny Katz.

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Effects of ethanol on brain lactate in experimental traumatic brain injury with hemorrhagic shock

Cited by 39 publications

References 43 publications

Alcohol and mortality after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Alcohol and mortality after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Enzyme logic gates for the digital analysis of physiological level upon injury

Enzyme Logic Digital Biosensors for Biomedical Applications

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