Effects of ethanol and other constituents of alcoholic beverages on coronary heart disease: a review

Mann, Laura B.; Folts, John D.

doi:10.1016/j.pathophys.2003.10.011

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This finding of changes in alcohol consumption over time was in accordance with other studies that found only 54.3% of older adults remained in the same drinking category over a 2-year span (Chen & Hardy, 2009), and that changes in drinking behavior do occur after the age of 50 where 30% of the older adults were sporadic drinkers, 20.7% steady drinkers, 18.4% decreasing drinkers, and 2.2% increasing drinkers (Platt et al, 2010). Although the exact mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of alcohol are unclear, the benefits through potential biological mechanisms, such as decreased platelet aggregation, improved endothelial function, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (de Jong et al, 2008; Mann & Folts, 2004), are likely associated with longer term rather than short term exposure. Therefore, taking into account alcohol patterns over time may be important to capture individuals who are more likely to accrue the benefits from light to moderate alcohol use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking Patterns and the Development of Functional Limitations in Older Adults

2011

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OBJECTIVES To examine whether consistent low-risk drinking is associated with lower risk of developing functional limitations among older adults. METHODS Data were obtained from five waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Function was assessed by questions measuring four physical abilities and five instrumental activities of daily living. Five different drinking patterns were determined using data over two consecutive survey periods. RESULTS Over the follow-up periods, 38.6% of older adults developed functional limitations. Consistent low-risk drinkers had lower odds of developing functional limitations compared to consistent abstainers, and the effect of consistent low-risk drinking was greater among those 50–64 years compared to those ≥65 years. Other drinking patterns were not associated with lower odds of incident functional limitation. DISCUSSION Consistent low-risk drinking was associated with lower odds of developing functional limitations, and this association was greater among older middle-aged adults 50–64 years of age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking Patterns and the Development of Functional Limitations in Older Adults

2011

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“…antioxidants) found in alcoholic drinks (mostly red wine, beer and whisky) covering all phases of the atherosclerotic process; endothelial function, arterial stiffening and atherogenesis as well as coagulation and fibrinolysis [2]. Particularly, the acute and long – term beneficial effects of red wine and its components (alcohol and antioxidants) on endothelial function and haemodynamics have been explored previously in healthy volunteers and patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) [3, 4]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute effects of beer on endothelial function and hemodynamics: A single-blind, crossover study in healthy volunteers

Karatzi

Rontoyanni²,

Protogerou³

et al. 2013

Nutrition

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Objective-Moderate consumption of beer is associated with lower cardiovascular (CV) risk. To explore the underlying mechanisms we studied the acute effects of the constituents of beer (alcohol and antioxidants), on established predictors of CV risk: endothelial function, aortic stiffness, pressure wave reflections and aortic pressure.Research Methods & Proceedures-In a randomized, single -blind, cross -over study 17 healthy, non-smoking, volunteers (28.5±5.2 years and 24.4±2.5 BMI) consumed in 3 separate days, at least one week apart: a) 400 ml of beer & 400 ml water, b) 800 ml of dealcoholized beer (same amount of polyphenols), and c) 67 ml of vodka & 733 ml water (same amount of alcohol). Each time aortic stiffness (pulse wave velocity, pressure wave reflections (Aix), aortic and brachial pressure (Sphygmocor device) and endothelial function (brachial flow mediated dilatation) were assessed at fast and 1 and 2 hours postprandial.Results-Aortic stiffness was significantly and similarly reduced by all 3 interventions. However, endothelial function was significantly improved only after beer consumption (average of 1.33%, CI 0.15-2.53). Although wave reflections were significantly reduced by all 3 interventions (average of beer: 9.1%, dealcoholized beer: 2.8%, vodka 8.5%, all CI within limits of significance), the reduction was higher after beer consumption compared todealcoholized beer (p=0.018). Pulse pressure amplification (i.e. brachial/aortic) was increased by all 3 test drinks.Corresponding author: Kalliopi Karatzi PhD, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. 8 Mykonou str., Voula, 16673, Athens, Greece. Tel/Fax: + 30 210 8950786, pkaratzi@hua.gr. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. HHS Public Access Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author ManuscriptConclusions-Beer improves acutely parameters of arterial function and structure, in healthy non-smokers. This benefit seems to be mediated by the additive or synergistic effects of alcohol and anti-oxidants and merits further investigation.

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“…When endothelial cells become damaged or dysfunctional, platelets are stimulated. Platelets are an essential element in normal hemostasis, however, when they become hyperactive, they can contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis [30]. If endothelial cells are damaged or dysfunctional and platelets are activated, platelets will aggregate and adhere to the lining of arteries [30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Platelets are an essential element in normal hemostasis, however, when they become hyperactive, they can contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis [30]. If endothelial cells are damaged or dysfunctional and platelets are activated, platelets will aggregate and adhere to the lining of arteries [30]. Activated platelets secrete growth factors that cause luminal narrowing and intimal thickening, a major part of atherosclerosis [30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steam-cooking rapidly destroys and reverses onion-induced antiplatelet activity

Hansen

Folts

Goldman

2012

Nutr J

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BackgroundFoods in the diet that can aid in the prevention of diseases are of major interest. Onions are key ingredients in many cuisines around the world and moreover, onion demand has trended higher over the past three decades. An important pharmacological aspect of onion is the ability to inhibit platelet aggregation. Raw onions inhibit platelet aggregation; however, when onions are boiled or heated, antiplatelet activity may be abolished.MethodsOnion quarters were steamed for 0, 1, 3, 6, 10, and 15 min. The in vitro antiplatelet activity of a yellow hybrid storage onion was examined at these times on the blood of 12 human subjects using in vitro whole blood aggregometry.ResultsContrary to findings reported for boiling, antiplatelet activity was destroyed between 3 and 6 min of steaming, and at 10 min of steaming, cooked onions stimulated platelet activity. Extracts from cooked onion had the potential to reverse the inhibitory effect on blood platelets by 25%. Responses were consistent across all donors. Total polyphenolic concentration and soluble solids were not affected by steaming time.ConclusionsThe potential value of cooked onion preparations may result in destruction or reversal of antiplatelet activity, without affecting the polyphenolic concentration.

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Effects of ethanol and other constituents of alcoholic beverages on coronary heart disease: a review

Cited by 34 publications

References 47 publications

Drinking Patterns and the Development of Functional Limitations in Older Adults

Drinking Patterns and the Development of Functional Limitations in Older Adults

Acute effects of beer on endothelial function and hemodynamics: A single-blind, crossover study in healthy volunteers

Steam-cooking rapidly destroys and reverses onion-induced antiplatelet activity

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