Effects of Estrogen on Cognition, Mood, and Degenerative Brain Diseases

Shepherd, Janet E.

doi:10.1016/s1086-5802(16)31233-5

Cited by 77 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These data confirm the effects of deletion of ovarian hormones to induce depressive behaviors. It has been reported that estradiol increases serotonin uptake in frontal cortex and hypothalamus in ovariectomized rats 4,15 . Estrogen also competes with tryptophan, the precursor of serotonin, for binding sites on plasma albumin which may lead to an increased availability of this amino acid to the CNS 4 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It has been reported that estradiol increases serotonin uptake in frontal cortex and hypothalamus in ovariectomized rats 4,15 . Estrogen also competes with tryptophan, the precursor of serotonin, for binding sites on plasma albumin which may lead to an increased availability of this amino acid to the CNS 4 . In addition, estrogen reduces mono amino oxidase (MAO) activity 16 and decreases the expression of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) thus increases the levels of catecholamines and serotonin in the brain 4 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Estrogen also competes with tryptophan, the precursor of serotonin, for binding sites on plasma albumin which may lead to an increased availability of this amino acid to the CNS 4 . In addition, estrogen reduces mono amino oxidase (MAO) activity 16 and decreases the expression of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) thus increases the levels of catecholamines and serotonin in the brain 4 . Estrogen has also been shown to have a neuroprotective effect on dopaminergic neurons and prevent degeneration of neurons 17 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides of genetic, social, environmental and nutritional factors, it is suggested that sex hormones may have important roles in the pathogenesis of anxiety 2 . Interestingly, it is suggested that estrogen has protective roles against depressive disorders, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's and anxiety 3,4 . Similar to antidepressant drugs, estrogens are also known to increase the amounts of noradrenaline and serotonin in the CNS which may have role for regulating the mood and decreasing the susceptibility to depression 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tamoxifen antagonizes the effects of ovarian hormones to induce anxiety and depression-like behavior in rats

Azizi-Malekabadi

Pourganji

Zabihi

et al. 2015

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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The effects of tamoxifen (TAM) on anxiety and depression-like behavior in ovariectomized (OVX) and naïve female rats were investigated. The animals were divided into Sham-TAM, OVX-TAM, Sham and OVX groups. Tamoxifen (1 mg/kg) was administered for 4 weeks. In the forced swimming test, the immobility times in the OVX and Sham-TAM groups were higher than in the Sham group. In the open field, the numbers of central crossings in the OVX and Sham-TAM groups were lower than the number in the Sham group, and the number of peripheral crossings in the OVX group was lower than the number in the Sham group. In the elevated plus maze, the numbers of entries to the open arm among the animals in the Sham-TAM and OVX groups were lower than the number in the Sham group, while the number of entries to the open arm in the OVX-TAM group was higher than the number in the OVX group. It was shown that deletion of ovarian hormones induced anxiety and depression-like behavior. Administration of tamoxifen in naïve rats led to anxiety and depression-like behavior that was comparable with the effects of ovarian hormone deletion. It can be suggested that tamoxifen antagonizes the effects of ovarian hormones. It also seems that tamoxifen has anxiolytic effects on ovariectomized rats.Keywords: rat, ovariectomized, tamoxifen, depression, forced swimming test, open field, elevated plus maze. RESUMOForam investigados os efeitos do tamoxifeno (TAM) no comportamento semelhante a ansiedade de depressão de ratas ooforectomizadas (OVX) e controles. Os animais foram divididos em Sham-TAM, OVX-TAM, Sham e OVX groups. Tamoxifeno (1 mg/kg) foi administrado por quatro semanas. No teste de natação forçada, os tempos de imobilidade nos grupos OVX e Sham-TAM foram maiores que aqueles do grupo Sham. No campo aberto, os números de cruzamento no centro nos grupos OVX e Sham-TAM foram menores que aquele do grupo Sham, e o número dos cruzamentos na periferia no grupo OVX foi menor que o número no grupo Sham. No labirinto elevado, os números de entradas com braços abertos entre os animais nos grupos Sham-TAM e OVX foram menores do que aqueles do grupo Sham, enquanto o número de entradas com os braços abertos no grupo OVX-TAM foi maior que aquele no grupo OVX. Foi observado que a deleção dos hormônios ovarianos induziu comportamento similar a ansiedade e depressão. A administração de tamoxifeno em ratos controle induziu a um comportamento que era comparável aos efeitos da deleção do hormônio ovariano. Pode ser sugerido que o tamoxifeno antagoniza os efeitos dos hormônios ovarianos. Parece também que o tamoxifeno tem efeito ansiolítico nas ratas ooforectomizadas.Palavras-chave: rato, ooforectomia, tamoxifeno, depressão, teste de natação forçada, campo aberto, labirinto elevado.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Tamoxifen antagonizes the effects of ovarian hormones to induce anxiety and depression-like behavior in rats

Azizi-Malekabadi

Pourganji

Zabihi

et al. 2015

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…The causes of menopause-related sleep disturbances are controversial. Sleep disturbances have been related to hormonal changes that trigger hot flashes or night sweats, independent of age [20][21][22].…”

Section: Impact Of Vms On Sleep Mood and Cognitive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Pharmacotherapy for Vasomotor Symptoms

Utian

2012

Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep

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Many women experience vasomotor symptoms (VMS) at or around the time of menopause. Hot flashes and night sweats are considered primary menopausal symptoms that may also be associated with sleep and mood disturbances, as well as decreased cognitive function. All of these symptoms may lead to social impairment and workrelated difficulties that significantly decrease overall quality of life. Hot flashes have shown a great deal of variability in their frequency and severity in women. In some women, hot flashes persist for several months, but in others, they may last for more than 10 years. Traditionally, VMS were reported to begin after menopause, but night sweats in particular most often begin in perimenopause, several years before the final period. The pathogenesis of hot flashes has not yet been fully elucidated. Hormonal therapy for menopauseassociated VMS has been the mainstay for the management of these symptoms for more than 50 years. However, because many women now want to avoid hormone therapy, there is a need for additional targeted therapies, validated by results from controlled clinical trials, that are safe, efficacious, cost-effective, and well tolerated by symptomatic menopausal women. The current status of these new pharmacotherapies for VMS is reviewed.

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Chemical Delivery Systems

Bodor

Buchwald

2012

Retrometabolic Drug Design and Targeting

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Effects of Estrogen on Cognition, Mood, and Degenerative Brain Diseases

Cited by 77 publications

References 53 publications

Tamoxifen antagonizes the effects of ovarian hormones to induce anxiety and depression-like behavior in rats

Tamoxifen antagonizes the effects of ovarian hormones to induce anxiety and depression-like behavior in rats

Recent Developments in Pharmacotherapy for Vasomotor Symptoms

Chemical Delivery Systems

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