Effects of estradiol- and ethinylestradiol-based contraceptives on adrenal steroids: A randomized trial

Ethinylestradiol in combined hormonal contraceptive has a broader effect on serum proteome compared with estradiol valerate: a randomized controlled trial

“…In the proteomics analysis, EE + DNG induced a higher increase in serum CBG and SHBG compared with the other study preparations. These findings are in line with our previous ELISA and immunoassay results ( Kangasniemi et al , 2022 ; Haverinen et al , 2022a ); the fold changes derived from these data are shown in Fig. 5 .…”

“…One major fetuin-B outlier was removed from the EE + DNG group, which did not affect the statistical analysis. CBG and SHBG concentrations have been reported previously ( Kangasniemi et al , 2022 ; Haverinen et al. , 2022a ).…”

“…After proteomic analysis, fetuin-B (a novel finding with a significant difference between the study groups) was chosen for additional validation. We previously reported the changes in CBG ( Kangasniemi et al , 2022 ) and SHBG ( Haverinen et al , 2022a ) and those analyses were also used for validation of proteomic analysis ( Fig. 5 ).…”

“…Graphpad Prism 9 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA) was used for interpolation of the data. Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) was measured as part of the other sub-study ( Kangasniemi et al , 2022 ) using ELISA (Cat. No.…”

“…The fetuin-B concentration increased especially during use of the combined oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol þ dienogest (EE þ DNG).One major fetuin-B outlier was removed from the EE þ DNG group, which did not affect the statistical analysis. CBG and SHBG concentrations have been reported previously(Kangasniemi et al, 2022;Haverinen et al, 2022a). DNG, dienogest; EE, ethinylestradiol; EV, estradiol valerate; CBG, cortisol-binding globulin; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin.…”