Effects of enzyme and anion transport inhibitors on in vitro incorporation of inorganic carbon and calcium into endolymph and otoliths in salmon Oncorhynchus masou

Tohse, Hidekazu; Mugiya, Yasuo

doi:10.1016/s1095-6433(00)00287-7

Cited by 61 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Inorganic carbon (HCO 3 − ) is transported to the endolymph across the saccular membrane by energydependent mechanisms involving HCO 3 − -ATPase and Cl − / HCO 3 − exchangers (Tohse and Mugiya, 2001). Presumably, faster-growing fish have more energy, which may lead to a greater rate of transport of HCO 3 − relative to Ca 2+ into the endolymph, resulting in a lower [Ca 2+ ]/[CO 3 2− ] ratio and favourable conditions for vaterite formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid growth causes abnormal vaterite formation in farmed fish otoliths

Reimer

Dempster

Wargelius

et al. 2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Sagittal otoliths are essential components of the sensory organs that enable all teleost fish to hear and maintain balance, and are primarily composed of calcium carbonate. A deformity, where aragonite (the normal crystal form) is replaced with vaterite, was first noted over 50 years ago but its underlying cause is unresolved. We evaluated the prevalence of vateritic otoliths from two captive rearing studies which suggested that fast growth, due to environmental rather than genetic control, led to vaterite development. We then tested this by varying light and temperature to create phenotypes with different growth rates, which resulted in fast growers (5 times larger) having 3 times more vaterite than slow growers. A decrease in either the ratio of otolith matrix proteins (otolin-1/OMM-64) or [Ca 2+ ]/[CO 32− ] may explain why fast growth causes vaterite deposition. As vaterite decreases hearing sensitivity, reducing growth rates in hatcheries may improve the welfare of farmed fish and increase the success of conservation efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid growth causes abnormal vaterite formation in farmed fish otoliths

Reimer

Dempster

Wargelius

et al. 2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…The volume of serum was calculated from the length of the capillaries. Serum was then immediately tested for total CO 2 concentration or placed in the system for separation of inorganic and organic carbons and calcium, which is composed of 2 chambers containing perchloric acid for decalcification and collection of CO 2 , respectively (Tohse & Mugiya 2001), to count the radioactivity. After collection of blood, otoliths (asterisci, largest otoliths in goldfish) of both sides of the inner ear were collected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Ca 2+ levels are low (0.7 mmol l -1 in endolymph, 1.5 mmol l -1 in blood), the endolymph is totally supersaturated to the aragonite crystals (Takagi 2002). This carbonate environment is controlled by transportation of bicarbonate (Cl -/HCO 3 -exchanger and carbonic anhydrase) from blood and proton elimination (Na + /H + exchanger) to blood via the saccular epithelial cells (Payan et al 1997, Tohse & Mugiya 2001.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of otolith carbonate: experimental determination of carbon incorporation rates from water and metabolic CO2, and their diel variations

Tohse¹,

Mugiya²

2008

Aquat. Biol.

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Although carbon isotopes in fish otoliths are widely utilized to obtain information on environmental records, uncertainty regarding the sources of otolith carbonate, either from fish diet or ambient water, limits detailed determinations. The present study experimentally determined absolute incorporation rates of carbon derived from 2 sources, metabolic CO 2 and ambient water, into otoliths using goldfish under controlled conditions. In addition, the proportions of the 2 sources in otolith daily increments were also determined by the diel variations in the rate of incorporation from the 2 sources. A group of fish was administered with D-[ 14 C-U]-glucose or was exposed to water containing NaH 14 CO 3 , and incubated for 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. Another group was similarly treated with the radiocarbons at 06:00, 12:00, 18:00, 00:00 or again at 06:00 h, and were incubated for 6 h. After incubation, serum and otoliths were collected and were separated into organic and inorganic carbon fractions, and the incorporation rates from the 2 sources were determined. The rates of carbon incorporation from D-[ 14 C-U]-glucose injected and NaH 14 CO 3 water were 0.27 (25.5%) and 0.79 (74.5%) nmol mg -1 otolith h -1 , respectively. During darkness (18:00 to 06:00 h), both the incorporation rate and proportion of metabolic-CO 2 -derived carbon significantly decreased to ~50% of that during daylight. These results suggest that otolith carbonate is mainly derived from ambient water, and the ratio of carbon derived from metabolic CO 2 is lower in the D-zone than that in the L-zone of the otolith daily increments.

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“…In addition to CA, HCO 3 --ATPase and Cl -/HCO 3 --exchangers are involved in the transepithelial transport of bicarbonate ions to the endolymph, and affect carbon incorporation into otoliths (Tohse and Mugiya 2001).…”

Section: Carbonic Anhydrase (Ca) Provides Hcomentioning

confidence: 99%