Effects of environmental tobacco smoke in vivo on rhesus monkey semen quality, sperm function, and sperm metabolism

Differential sensitivity of male germ cells to mainstream and sidestream tobacco smoke in the mouse

“…Several kinematics parameters, including VAP and VSL, did show a decrease with increased duration of exposure and, notably, the first semen sample collected after the beginning of the exposure to ETS, which is the one directly comparable with our study, had the lowest sperm motility value among all collected samples. Finally, several aspects of semen quality (semen volume and % of motile sperm) showed a trend for an increase over time, which probably reflected the monkeys reaching full sexual maturity in the later stages of the study of Hung et al (2009). In the absence of concurrent unexposed monkeys, it cannot be excluded that these parameters could have increased even higher without exposure to ETS.…”

“…A recently published study reported that exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) during a six-month period did not affect sperm motility in rhesus monkeys (Hung et al, 2009). …”

“…A mixture of MS and SS smoke (9:1) was utilized by (Hung et al, 2009), while we utilized SS smoke only. As our results show a lack of effect of MS smoke on sperm motility, the inclusion of MS smoke in the exposure mixture experienced by the monkeys may have diluted the effect of SS smoke.…”

“…In addition, even the study of (Hung et al, 2009) provides some support for an effect of ETS on sperm motility. Several kinematics parameters, including VAP and VSL, did show a decrease with increased duration of exposure and, notably, the first semen sample collected after the beginning of the exposure to ETS, which is the one directly comparable with our study, had the lowest sperm motility value among all collected samples.…”

Identification of endogenous metabolites in human sperm cells using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

“…contrast to the substantial proportion of proteins identified, so far a relatively small number of around 20 metabolites have been identified in sperm cells of different model species (Oliva et al, 1982;Patel et al, 1999;Dreanno et al, 2000;Jones & Bubb, 2000;Marin et al, 2003;Hung et al, 2009;Lin et al, 2009). This smaller number of metabolites is in part because of the fact that the number of metabolites in cells is much lower than that of proteins (Kouskoumvekaki & Panagiotou, 2011;Wishart et al, 2013).…”