Effects of environmental factors on maxillofacial elastomers: Part IV—Optical properties

Abstract

The optical properties of four currently used and two recently introduced maxillofacial prosthetic materials were evaluated after the materials were subjected to the following seven environmental variables: natural weathering; normal aging; two types of adhesives; two types of cleaning agents; and cosmetics. Optical density and color changes were evaluated. The currently used silicones Silastic 4-4210 and Silastic 4-4515, Medical Adhesive type A material, and polyurethane all showed more changes in color and optical density than the newly introduced silicone A-102 material.

Influence of Pigment and Opacifier on Dimensional Stability and Detail Reproduction of Maxillofacial Silicone Elastomer

“…1,2,5,13,14,30 Although there was contraction in the test specimens of all groups, they are within the recommendation of ISO specification, 32 according to which contraction must not be more than 1% in 24 hours, because they do not present values higher than 0.117%, showing excellent dimensional stability of the present silicone (Tables 1 and 3).…”

Influence of pigments and opacifiers on color stability of silicone maxillofacial elastomer

“…The inorganic dry coloring agents contain metal atoms, not carbon hydrogen derivatives, which may be considered more color stable. 14 The results showed that not all inorganic pigments used in this study protected silicone A-2000 from color degradation. Both Artskin white and titanium white dry pigment (opaque brighter white) had higher degree of whiteness and opacity than that of Georgia kaolin and calcined kaolin (yellowish white).…”

“…[10][11][12][13] Different color measuring devices have been used to evaluate the color stability of maxillofacial elastomers. 6,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] The addition of ultraviolet (UV) light absorber was also evaluated as a potential for protection of color changes to the silicone elastomers. [24][25][26] CIELAB system, developed by CIE (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage, International Commission of Illumination) is frequently used color notation system in dental literature.…”

Color stability of maxillofacial silicone with nanoparticle pigment and opacifier submitted to disinfection and artificial aging

“…5,[9][10][11][12][13] Silicone prostheses are considered color effective for about six months up to one year, and afterward must be redone. 4,9,10,12 The instability of observed color is attributed to the constant exposition to ultraviolet (UV) light, air pollution, pigment additions, 3,4,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and the use of cleansing products. 9,11,20,21 Literature has shown that intrinsic addition of opacifiers to facial silicones promoted longer color maintenance.…”