“…In such systems, weed seeds remain on the soil surface and seedling emergence is affected by crop residue retention during the growing season (Chauhan & Abugho, 2013;Chauhan & Mahajan, 2012). The study of the effect of different crop residues such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley, (Hordeum vulgare L.), maize (Zea mays L.), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) at 4 t/ha on the emergence of Caucalis platycarpos L. showed different inhibitory effects of crop residue on this weed and the potential to suppress its emergence by 34-90% (Amini, Gholami, & Ghanepour, 2017). In Australian agricultural systems, use of a thick layer of crop residue as harvest weed seed control strategies (chaff lining and chaff tramlining) to reduce weed seed banks and delay weed seedling emergence has been recommended (Walsh, Ouzman, Newman, Powles, & Llewellyn, 2017;Walsh & Powles, 2014).…”