Effects of ensiling whole crop maize with bacterial inoculants on the fermentation, aerobic stability, and growth performance of lambs

Nkosi, B.D.; Meeske, R.; Palic, D.; Langa, T.; Leeuw, K-J.; Groenewald, I.B.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.09.009

Cited by 39 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A pH range of 3.7 -4.2 is generally considered beneficial for whole-crop cereal preservation (Kung & Shaver, 2001) and that of our study was less than 3.9, indicative of well-preserved silage. Inoculation reduced (P <0.05) the pH of sweet sorghum silage compared with the control, which is in agreement with previous studies (Fellner et al, 2001;Nkosi et al, 2009) who reported reduced pH in inoculated maize silage compared with the control. The pH of the inoculated WCSS was below 4.0 as of d 3 of ensiling while that of the control took 7 d to get below 4.0 (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Kung et al (2007) reported increased AA in high moisture maize that was treated with LB+E, and LB treatment was also reported to increase AA in other studies (Pedroso et al, 2008;Nkosi et al, 2009), consistent with the present study. However, the AA concentration of the LB+E treatment in our present study is higher than 20 g AA/kg DM, reported from sweet sorghum silage that was inoculated with a combination of inoculant and enzyme (Xing et al, 2009).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…According to these researchers, increasing AA concentrations in silage inhibited spoilage micro-organisms and promoted aerobic stability. According to previous research (Taylor et al, 2002, Pedroso et al, 2008, Nkosi et al, 2009) inoculation with LB typically results in acetic acid concentrations ranging from 36 to 50 g/kg DM, suitable for controlling yeast during aerobic exposure of silage. The acetic acid concentration of 40 g/kg DM in the LB and LB+E treated WCSS was enough to control yeast.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be attributed to the low production of acetic acid, which is well known to have an antifungal effect on aerobic micro-organisms . As a result, the problem of aerobic instability with homofermentative LAB inoculation can be solved with the use of Lactobacillus buchneri (LB), which has been reported to improve aerobic stability of silage in many studies (Taylor et al, 2002;Pedroso et al, 2008;Nkosi et al, 2009). In contrast, the heterofermentative pathway of LB can cause an increase in silage pH, and losses in energy and dry matter (DM) content (Oude Elferink et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of bacterial inoculants and an enzyme on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of ensiled whole-crop sweet sorghum

Nkosi¹,

Vadlani²,

Brijwani³

et al. 2012

SA J. An. Sci.

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________________________________________________________________________________ AbstractA study was conducted to evaluate the effects of bacterial inoculation and cellulase on the fermentation quality of ensiled whole-crop sweet sorghum (WCSS, Sorghum bicolor L. Moench). The WCSS (323 g dry matter (DM)/kg, 251 g water soluble carbohydrates (WSC)/kg DM, 43 g crude protein (CP)/kg DM and 439 g neutral detergent fibre (NDF)/kg DM) was ensiled with i) no additive (control); ii) Lactobacillus buchneri (LB); iii) Lactobacillus plantarum (LP); and iv) LB+E, a combination of LB and enzyme. These treatments were ensiled in 1 L anaerobic jars for 25 days. The jars were opened on days 3, 7 and 15 to determine pH, while those of day 25 were sampled to determine nutrient composition, fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability. Inoculation reduced pH, butyric acid and ammonia-N and increased lactic acid content in sweet sorghum silage compared with the control. The aerobic stability of WCSS was improved with LB, while it was reduced with the homofermentative LP treatment compared with the control. The LB+E reduced the fibre, but increased residual WSC of silage. The aerobic stability of LB+E silage was lower than LB treated silage. Using enzymes to increase the WSC content of crops that already have high levels of WSC may result in reduced aerobic stability of silage. Further work is needed to evaluate these effects on silage produced on farm scale and on animal production performance. ________________________________________________________________________________

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of bacterial inoculants and an enzyme on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of ensiled whole-crop sweet sorghum

Nkosi¹,

Vadlani²,

Brijwani³

et al. 2012

SA J. An. Sci.

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“…Bacterial inoculants, such as Lactococcus lactis (LL), a homofermentative LAB inoculant (McDonald et al, 1991, Siren et al, 2009 and Lactobacillus buchneri (LB), a heterofermentative LAB inoculant (Weinberg & Muck, 1996 have been widely used for the preservation of herbages. Our previous research with maize silage (Nkosi et al, 2009) and potato hash silage showed improved aerobic stability of silage with LB inoculation. Contreras-Govea et al (2011) reported a reduced non-protein nitrogen (NPN) concentration in ensiled alfalfa with LL inoculation, and Ozkose et al (2009) reported reduced fibre fractions in ensiled wheat straw with LL inoculation compared to the control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of bacterial silage inoculants on whole-crop maize silage fermentation and silage digestibility in rams

Nkosi¹,

Meeske²,

Langa³

et al. 2011

SA J. An. Sci.

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_________________________________________________________________________________ AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of ensiling whole-crop maize with bacterial inoculants, Lactococcus lactis (LL) and Lactobacillus buchneri (LB), on the fermentation and nutrient digestibility in rams. Wholecrop maize (265 DM g/kg) was ensiled for 90 days in 210 L drums with no additive, or with LL or LB. After three months, the drums were opened and the silage was sampled for fermentation characteristics. Diets were produced by mixing the whole-crop maize silage with lucerne hay (90 : 10) on an "as fed" basis, and a digestibility study was conducted using five South African Mutton Merino rams (37.2 ± 2.2 kg live weight) per treatment. Inoculating maize silage with LL and LB reduced ammonia nitrogen concentration, but did not affect silage pH. The concentration of lactic acid was increased with LL compared to the other treatments. A higher concentration of acetic acid was obtained with LB inoculation compared to the other treatments. The aerobic stability of the silage was improved with LB while it was reduced with LL inoculation, as indicated by a higher CO 2 production than the latter. The intake and digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and fibre were improved by inoculation. Furthermore, inoculations resulted in improved nitrogen retention. It was concluded that the inoculants improved silage fermentation and diet digestibility. Inoculation with LB improved aerobic stability and LL inoculation reduced it. ________________________________________________________________________________

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Forage conservation in sub‐Saharan Africa: Review of experiences, challenges, and opportunities

Balehegn

Ayantunde²,

Amole³

et al. 2021

Agronomy Journal

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Forage conservation is an important potential solution to seasonal variation in feed quality and quantity and herder-farmer conflicts in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Considerable variations exist in the type of forages conserved and the preservation methods across SSA. Hay from cultivated forages is commonly made with mechanical mowers and balers by large-scale commercial farms. In contrast, smallholder farmers, who dominate farming on the continent, make hay from natural pastures and straw from crop residues or stockpiled forage. Mechanized harvesting and storing of silage are also practiced by commercial farmers in various countries including South Africa, Nigeria, and Kenya. Smallholder farmers rarely make silage, despite repeated recommendations about its potential to bridge the dry season feed gap.

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Effects of ensiling whole crop maize with bacterial inoculants on the fermentation, aerobic stability, and growth performance of lambs

Cited by 39 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of bacterial inoculants and an enzyme on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of ensiled whole-crop sweet sorghum

Effects of bacterial inoculants and an enzyme on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of ensiled whole-crop sweet sorghum

Effects of bacterial silage inoculants on whole-crop maize silage fermentation and silage digestibility in rams

Forage conservation in sub‐Saharan Africa: Review of experiences, challenges, and opportunities

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