Effects of Enhanced Ultraviolet-B Radiation on Chromosomes and Microtubule Arrays in Wheat Roots

Chen, Pengxiang; Chen, Huize; Han, Runlin

doi:10.17957/ijab/15.0148

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This ring chromosomes in wheat maybe attributed to the large size of chromosomes, presumably large segment of chromosomes were involved in interchanges or the event of translocation. Similar observation was also observed by enhanced UV-B radiation on wheat roots with polykaryocytes and ring chromosomes (20).…”

Section: Cytological Investigationssupporting

confidence: 84%

Induction of genetic variation and variability of Saudi Arabian cultivars of wheat

AlGwaiz¹

2021

IJEAB

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This study was undertaken to explore the possibility of inducing micromutations in quantitative traits and meiotic anomalies of bread wheat (T. aestivum L.) after irradiated dry and soaked seeds with 0.0, 0.5, 5 and 10 Krad of gamma rays. Traits (number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spike, number of spikelets per spike, spike density, grain yield per plant, weight of grain yield per plant and weight of 1000-grain per plant) were analyzed quantitatively to assess the extent of the variation in M1 and M2 generations. At the same time, the number of economical traits (heading date, plant height, number of tillers per plant, average of spike length, total protein percent and wet and dry gluten percent) were also investigated.Results showed that all quantitative traits varied significantly in M1 and M2 at doses rather than seed condition. Specific action of dose 0.5 Krad showed significant increase for some traits for three lines in M1 and M2, and the magnitude and direction for number of spikes per plant, grain yield per plant and weight of grain per plant was significant for all three lines at treatments. There was a considerable increase in genotypic variance, heritability and genetic advance indicating the effectiveness of gamma doses in inducing polygenic mutation. The treatment with different doses caused a highly significant increase in abnormal cells, while pollen fertility percent decreased with increasing gamma ray doses. M1 and M2 irradiated generations showed presence of significant differences at doses rather than seed conditions. A 5 Krad dose showed a significant increase in some traits for dry and soaked seeds for three lines at <1 and M2 generations. There was also a considerable increase in genotypic variance, heritability and genetic advance for some traits. Radiation was shown to change the degree of association between traits.

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Section: Cytological Investigationssupporting

confidence: 84%

Induction of genetic variation and variability of Saudi Arabian cultivars of wheat

AlGwaiz¹

2021

IJEAB

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“…In addition, similar abnormal MT arrangement and chromosome aberrations have been observed in wheat roots exposed to UV‐B radiation (Chen et al . 2016). However, the underlying mechanism behind the impact of UV‐B radiation on MT has not been reported, and the susceptor and perceptor populations of MT for UV‐B radiation are not yet known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study reported that spindle MT converged in several discrete sites and non-spindle MT were observed in metaphase in wheat root tips after UV-B treatment (Guo et al 2010). In addition, UV-B radiation induced abnormal MT arrays, including asymmetric PPB, asymmetric spindle/nonspindle MT and defective phragmoplasts in wheat root tips (Chen et al 2016). Under UV-B exposure (13.6-68.0 KJÁm À2 ), randomization and depolymerization of MT were observed in both epidermal and cortical cells of root tips, meristematic and elongation zones, and differentiation zones in gfp-map4 A. thaliana seedlings (Krasylenko et al 2012b).…”

Section: The Impact Of Uv-b Radiation On Mt Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, UV‐B radiation induced abnormal MT arrays, including asymmetric PPB, asymmetric spindle/non‐spindle MT and defective phragmoplasts in wheat root tips (Chen et al . 2016). Under UV‐B exposure (13.6–68.0 KJ·m −2 ), randomization and depolymerization of MT were observed in both epidermal and cortical cells of root tips, meristematic and elongation zones, and differentiation zones in gfp‐map4 A .…”

Section: The Impact Of Abiotic Stress On Mt Organization In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microtubule organization defects in Arabidopsis thaliana

Han

2020

Plant Biol. J.

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Microtubules (MT) are critical cytoskeletal filaments that have several functions in cell morphogenesis, cell division, vesicle transport and cytoplasmic separation in the spatiotemporal regulation of eukaryotic cells. Formation of MT requires the co‐interaction of MT nucleation and α–β‐tubulins, as well as MT‐associated proteins (MAP). Many key MAP contributing to MT nucleation and elongation are essential for MT nucleation and regulation of MT dynamics, and are conserved in the plant kingdom. Therefore, the deletion or decrease of γ‐tubulin ring complex (γTuRC) components and related MAP, such as the augmin complex, NEDD1, MZT1, EB1, MAP65, etc., in Arabidopsis thaliana results in MT organizational defects in the spindle and phragmoplast MT, as well as in chromosome defects. In addition, similar defects in MT organization and chromosome structure have been observed in plants under abiotic stress conditions, such as under high UV‐B radiation. The MT can sense the signal from UV‐B radiation, resulting in abnormal MT arrangement. Further studies are required to determine whether the abnormal chromosomes induced by UV‐B radiation can be attributed to the involvement of abnormal MT arrays in chromosome migration after DNA damage.

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“…Colchicine is the mainly used anti-mitotic agent [Lim and Earle 2009, Galazka and Niemirowicz-Szczytt 2013, Aslam et al 2017 along with chromosome duplication methods categorized as immersion of whole plantlets or nodal explants Abak 1996, Caglar andAbak 1997], treatment on apical meristems [Nikolova and Niemirowicz-Szczytt 1996], shoot tips Sari 2003, Solmaz et al 2011] and lateral shoots in Cucurbits. Trifluralin, amiprophos methyl, and oryzalin have been reported as alternative antimitotic agents for colchicines due to less phytotoxicity, high efficiency at low concentration, and insignificantly morphological abnormalities [Grzebelus and Adamus 2004, Alan et al 2007, Chen et al 2016.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE EFFECTS OF ANTI-MITOTIC AGENTS ON DIHAPLOIDIZATION AND FERTILITY IN WINTER SQUASH (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) AND PUMPKIN (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) ANDROGENIC HAPLOIDS

Kurtar¹

2018

Acta Sci.Pol.Hortorum Cultus

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Double-haploidization (DH) is one of the favorable techniques to obtain 100% pure double haploid plants (DH's) for generating the new F 1 cultivars in a short time. The fecundity of this technique depends on the high quantity of haploids and also fertile DH's. However, there are no comprehensive reports on the chromosome doubling and fertility (fruit and seed-set) of winter squash and pumpkin haploids, currently. Thus, to obtain high frequency and fertile DH's, the efficiency of different anti-mitotic agents (colchicine, amiprophos methyl, trifluralin and oryzalin) was tested at various concentrations and exposure times for both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Haploid plantlets recovered from anther cultures of winter squash and pumpkin lines were used for DH program. The haploid plants were wholly immersed in aqueous solutions of antimitotic agents in vitro and apical parts of haploid plantlets were treated with anti-mitotic agents three times in vivo. Since some plants remained haploid, and the highest DH efficiency was obtained from multiple treatments of colchicine to shoot tips of haploid plants in the rate of 93.3%. In vivo multiple treatments of 1% colchicine for an hour was found to be the best doubling procedure for the recovery of high-frequency fertile DH's in our winter squash and pumpkin breeding program.

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Effects of Enhanced Ultraviolet-B Radiation on Chromosomes and Microtubule Arrays in Wheat Roots

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Induction of genetic variation and variability of Saudi Arabian cultivars of wheat

Induction of genetic variation and variability of Saudi Arabian cultivars of wheat

Microtubule organization defects in Arabidopsis thaliana

THE EFFECTS OF ANTI-MITOTIC AGENTS ON DIHAPLOIDIZATION AND FERTILITY IN WINTER SQUASH (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) AND PUMPKIN (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) ANDROGENIC HAPLOIDS

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