Effects of endogeic earthworms on the soil organic matter dynamics and the soil structure in urban and alluvial soil materials

Amossé, Joël; Turberg, Pascal; Kohler-Milleret, Roxane; Gobat, Jean‐Michel; Bayon, Renée‐Claire Le

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.12.007

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Earthworms induce the primary production of ecosystems by enhancing the nutrient release in the soil, thereby contributing to climate change regulation activities 25 . This action could be due to enrichment of organic matter, nutrients and water in the gut of the earthworm species, which encourage microbial activity 26 .…”

Section: Soil Carbon Sequestrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Earthworm in Improving Soil Structure and Functioning

Sharma¹,

Tomar²,

Chakraborty³

2017

Current Science

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Earthworms commonly occur within the soil. They alter physico-chemical and biological regimes of the soil through their activities, such as burrowing, casting, feeding and propagating, and therefore are known as 'ecosystem engineers'. Through their activities, they provide a number of ecosystem services which are ecologically and socio-economically important. This article reviews the role of earthworms in improving soil structural and functional properties, which serves as key determinants of soil ecosystem services and economic benefits for the farmers. A methodology of economic evaluation of the agro-ecosystem services provided by earthworms has been demonstrated. Further, the information gaps and future research have been discussed for ensuring sustainable agroecosystems management.

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Section: Soil Carbon Sequestrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Earthworm in Improving Soil Structure and Functioning

Sharma¹,

Tomar²,

Chakraborty³

2017

Current Science

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“…Amossé et al (2015b), conducting experiments under controlled conditions (microcosms), showed for example the ability to evaluate the effects of earthworm activity on the soil structure formation in alluvial soils using non-destructive X-ray CT.…”

Section: Applications and Perspective Of The Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of an overlay of the scan slices, the space between consecutive slices was 0.3 mm. The 5 freeze-cores were all scanned with the same parametrization of the scanner, which was specifically developed for geomaterials and already used in Turberg et al (2014) and Amossé et al (2015b). X-ray beams emitted from the rotating scanner source were focused on a 1.2 mm focal spot with a peak energy of 120 KeV and a tube current of 500 mA.…”

Section: Freeze-core Preparation and Conditioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling X-ray computed tomography and freeze-coring for the analysis of fine-grained low-cohesive soils

et al. 2017

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A B S T R A C TThis paper presents the coupling of freeze-core sampling with X-ray CT scanning for the analysis of the soil structure of fine-grained, low-cohesive soils. We used a medical scanner to image the 3D soil structure of the frozen soil cores, providing X-ray CT data at a millimetric resolution over freeze-cores that are up to 62.5 cm long and 25 cm wide. The obtained data and the changes in gray level values could be successfully used to identify and characterize different soil units with distinctly different physical properties. Traditional measurements of soil bulk density, carbon and particle size analyses were conducted within each of the identified soil units. These observations were used to develop a 3D model of soil bulk density and organic matter distribution for five freeze-cores obtained at a restored floodplain in Switzerland. The millimetric X-ray CT scanning was applied to detect the impact of freeze-coring on the soil structural integrity. This allows identifying undisturbed zones, a critical precondition for any subsequent assessment of soil structure. The proposed coupling is thought to be applicable to a wide range of other low-cohesive soil types and has a large potential for applications in hydrogeology, biology or soil science.

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“…From the scarce examples of ecological studies, the most studied animals have been arthropods and annelids, and in a lesser extend other kingdoms such as plants and fungi (Figure 3). It is particularly evident that one of the most popular topics so far is soil ecology (Davey et al., 2011; Harrison, Gardner, Tollner, & Kinard, 1993; Tollner, 1991), and specifically the study of worm burrows (Amossé, Turberg, Kohler‐Milleret, Gobat, & Le Bayon, 2015; Auclerc, Capowiez, Guérold, & Nahmani, 2013; Capowiez, Monestiez, & Belzunces, 2001; Capowiez, Pierret, & Moran, 2003; Francis, Tabley, Butler, & Fraser, 2001; Jégou, Capowiez, & Cluzeau, 2001; Jégou, Cluzeau, Hallaire, Balesdent, & Tréhen, 2000; Jégou, Cluzeau, Wolf, Gandon, & Tréhen, 1998; Jégou, Hallaire, Cluzeau, & Tréhen, 1999; Jégou et al., 2002; Langmaack, Schrader, Rapp‐Bernhardt, & Kotzke, 1999; Pagenkemper et al., 2015; Pelosi, Grandeau, & Capowiez, 2017; Rogasik, Schrader, Onasch, Kiesel, & Gerke, 2014; Schrader, Rogasik, Onasch, & Jegou, 2007), mostly because of the ease of studying this type of sample. Soil can be considered a matrix where the components can be detected through X‐ray CT without any preparation (i.e., staining).…”

Section: Application Of X‐ray Computed Tomography In Ecological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

X‐ray computed tomography and its potential in ecological research: A review of studies and optimization of specimen preparation

Gutiérrez

Ott

Töpperwien

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Imaging techniques are a cornerstone of contemporary biology. Over the last decades, advances in microscale imaging techniques have allowed fascinating new insights into cell and tissue morphology and internal anatomy of organisms across kingdoms. However, most studies so far provided snapshots of given reference taxa, describing organs and tissues under “idealized” conditions. Surprisingly, there is an almost complete lack of studies investigating how an organism′s internal morphology changes in response to environmental drivers. Consequently, ecology as a scientific discipline has so far almost neglected the possibilities arising from modern microscale imaging techniques. Here, we provide an overview of recent developments of X‐ray computed tomography as an affordable, simple method of high spatial resolution, allowing insights into three‐dimensional anatomy both in vivo and ex vivo. We review ecological studies using this technique to investigate the three‐dimensional internal structure of organisms. In addition, we provide practical comparisons between different preparation techniques for maximum contrast and tissue differentiation. In particular, we consider the novel modality of phase contrast by self‐interference of the X‐ray wave behind an object (i.e., phase contrast by free space propagation). Using the cricket Acheta domesticus (L.) as model organism, we found that the combination of FAE fixative and iodine staining provided the best results across different tissues. The drying technique also affected contrast and prevented artifacts in specific cases. Overall, we found that for the interests of ecological studies, X‐ray computed tomography is useful when the tissue or structure of interest has sufficient contrast that allows for an automatic or semiautomatic segmentation. In particular, we show that reconstruction schemes which exploit phase contrast can yield enhanced image quality. Combined with suitable specimen preparation and automated analysis, X‐ray CT can therefore become a promising quantitative 3D imaging technique to study organisms′ responses to environmental drivers, in both ecology and evolution.

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Effects of endogeic earthworms on the soil organic matter dynamics and the soil structure in urban and alluvial soil materials

Cited by 31 publications

References 43 publications

Role of Earthworm in Improving Soil Structure and Functioning

Role of Earthworm in Improving Soil Structure and Functioning

Coupling X-ray computed tomography and freeze-coring for the analysis of fine-grained low-cohesive soils

X‐ray computed tomography and its potential in ecological research: A review of studies and optimization of specimen preparation

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