Effects of Emotion Regulation Difficulties on the Tonic and Phasic Cardiac Autonomic Response

Berna, Guillaume; Ott, Laurent; Nandrino, Jean‐Louis

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102971

Cited by 83 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…Although not pathological in and of itself, greater affective intensity may lead individuals with GAD to adopt a rigid and defensive stance in efforts to cope with emotions that feel overwhelming or threatening (e.g., Mennin and Fresco 2014). Further, non-diagnosed individuals with high levels of difficulties in regulating emotions show a pattern of HRV response similar to that typically found in GAD: in a recent study, although HRV in both low- and high-difficulties groups decreased in response to negative emotion, the high-difficulties group showed a prolonged decrease that persisted beyond the elicitation into the recovery period (Berna et al 2014). Decreased HRV has also been linked to facets of emotion regulation deficits relevant to GAD—namely lack of emotional clarity and lower inhibitory control when experiencing negative emotions—even after controlling for anxiety and other covariates, supporting the link between physiological flexibility and adaptive response to emotion (Appelhans and Luecken 2006; Williams et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Impact of Comorbid Depressive Disorders on Subjective and Physiological Responses to Emotion in Generalized Anxiety Disorder

et al. 2015

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Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and unipolar depressive disorders (UDD) have been shown to differ from each other in dimensions of affective functioning despite their high rates of comorbidity. We showed emotional film clips to a community sample (n = 170) with GAD, GAD with secondary UDD, or no diagnosis. Groups had comparable subjective responses to the clips, but the GAD group had significantly lower heart rate variability (HRV) during fear and after sadness, compared to controls. While HRV in the GAD and control groups rose in response to the sadness and happiness clips, it returned to baseline levels afterwards in the GAD group, potentially indicating lesser ability to sustain attention on emotional stimuli. HRV in the GAD + UDD group changed only in response to sadness, but was otherwise unvarying between timepoints. Though preliminary, these findings suggest comorbid UDD as a potential moderator of emotional responding in GAD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Impact of Comorbid Depressive Disorders on Subjective and Physiological Responses to Emotion in Generalized Anxiety Disorder

et al. 2015

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“…Extensive research has indicated that individuals who are better at regulating their emotions have better physical and mental health outcomes (Aldao, Nolen-Hoeksema, & Schweizer, 2010;Florin, Freudenberg, & Hollaender, 1985;Greer & Watson, 1985;Hu et al, 2014;Verzeletti, Zammuner, Galli, & Agnoli, 2016). For example, emotion dysregulation has been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease (Appleton & Kubzansky, 2014;Berna, Ott, & Nandrino, 2014).…”

Section: Emotion Regulation and Health Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting emotional health indicators from linguistic evidence of psychological distancing

Shahane

Denny

2019

Stress and Health

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Psychological distancing, a form of cognitive reappraisal, involves construal of emotionally valenced stimuli in an objective manner, or with perceived spatial and temporal distance. Prior work suggests that in appropriate contexts, reappraisal broadly, and distancing specifically, is related to adaptive mental and physical health outcomes. Additionally, recent research suggests that shifting language to be more distant (i.e., linguistic distancing [LD]) can have adaptive emotion regulatory effects. The present study addressed whether LD is also associated with adaptive health indicators. Participants transcribed their thoughts while viewing negative or neutral stimuli in one of three ways: (a) by implementing objective language, (b) by implementing spatially and/or temporally far away language, or (c) by responding naturally. Across psychological distancing groups, LD was associated with lower negative affectivity (lower perceived stress and depression symptoms), better general well‐being (better emotional well‐being and energy and vitality), and better emotion regulation (ER; greater reappraisal frequency and fewer difficulties in implementing ER). Participants who used more LD in the objective group had lower negative affectivity, better general well‐being, and better ER, and those in the far group had better ER. The results reveal linguistic mechanisms underlying ER and its relationship to health indicators, suggesting future examination of LD interventions.

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“…Vagally mediated HRV (vmHRV) is strongly associated with emotion regulation and underpins individual differences in the perception of emotional stimuli (Park et al, 2013). It predicts affective instability in daily life (Koval et al, 2013) and is inversely correlated to greater reports of difficulties in emotion regulation (Berna et al, 2014;Williams et al, 2015). While emotional dysregulation is a core feature of BPD itself, it may also be an important candidate to explain high rates of comorbidity between BPD and other mental disorders (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resting state vagal tone in borderline personality disorder: A meta-analysis

Koenig

Kemp

Feeling

et al. 2016

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

112

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Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is the most common personality disorder in clinical settings. It is characterized by negative affectivity, emotional liability, anxiety, depression, as well as disinhibition (i.e., impulsivity and risk taking), all of which have been linked to lower resting state vagal tone, which may be indexed by vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV). Here, we aimed to quantify the current evidence on alterations in resting state vmHRV in individuals with BPD, relative to healthy controls. A rigorous search of the literature, according to the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses", revealed 5 studies suitable for meta-analysis, reporting vmHRV in individuals with BPD (n=95), relative to healthy controls (n=105). Short-term measures of resting state vmHRV were extracted and subjected to meta-analysis using both random- and fixed effect models in RevMan. BPD displayed lower resting state vmHRV relative to healthy controls in random- (Hedges' g=-0.59, 95% CI [-1.11; -0.06], k=5) and fixed-effect meta-analysis (Hedges' g=-0.56, 95% CI [-0.86; -0.27], k=5). Control for potential publication bias did not change observed findings. Lowered resting state vagal tone may be an important trait characteristic underlying BPD. As prior studies have observed lowered vmHRV in a variety of psychiatric disorders, we propose that lowered vmHRV may reflect a common psychophysiological mechanism underlying difficulties in emotion regulation and impulsivity, in particular.

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Effects of Emotion Regulation Difficulties on the Tonic and Phasic Cardiac Autonomic Response

Cited by 83 publications

References 80 publications

Impact of Comorbid Depressive Disorders on Subjective and Physiological Responses to Emotion in Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Impact of Comorbid Depressive Disorders on Subjective and Physiological Responses to Emotion in Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Predicting emotional health indicators from linguistic evidence of psychological distancing

Resting state vagal tone in borderline personality disorder: A meta-analysis

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