Effects of elevated CO2 concentration and increased temperature on leaf quality responses of rare and endangered plants

Abstract

Background: In the study, the effects of elevated CO 2 and temperature on the nitrogen content, carbon content, and C:N ratio of seven rare and endangered species (Quercus gilva, Hibiscus hambo, Paliurus ramosissimus, Cicuta virosa, Bupleurum latissimum, Viola raddeana, and Iris dichotoma) were examined under control (ambient CO 2 + ambient temperature) and treatment (elevated CO 2 + elevated temperature) for 3 years (May 2008 and June 2011). Results: Elevated CO 2 concentration and temperature result in a decline in leaf nitrogen content for three woody species in May 2009 and June 2011, while four herb species showed different responses to each other. The nitrogen content of B. latissimum and I. dichotoma decreased under treatment in either 2009 and 2011. The leaf nitrogen content of C. virosa and V. raddeana was not significantly affected by elevated CO 2 and temperature in 2009, but that of C. virosa increased and that V. raddeana decreased under the treatment in 2011. In 2009, it was found that there was no difference in carbon content in the leaves of the six species except for that of P. ramosissimus. On the other hand, while there was no difference in carbon content in the leaves of Q. gilva in the control and treatment in 2011, carbon content in the leaves of the remaining six species increased due to the rise of CO 2 concentration and temperature. The C:N ratio in the leaf of C. virosa grown in the treatment was lower in both 2009 and 2011 than that in the control. The C:N ratio in the leaf of V. raddeana decreased by 16.4% from the previous year, but increased by 28.9% in 2011. For the other five species, C:N ratios increased both in and 2011and 2011 contents in the leaves of Q. gilva and H. hamabo were higher in the treatment than those in the control. In the case of P. ramosissimus, the ratio was higher in the treatment than that in the control in 2009, but in 2011, the result was the opposite. Among four herb species, the chlorophyll contents in the leaves of C. virosa, V. raddeana, and I. dichotoma did not show any difference between gradients in 2009, but decreased due to the rise of CO 2 concentration and temperature in 2011. Leaf nitrogen and carbon contents, C:N ratio, and chlorophyll contents in the leaves of seven rare and endangered species of plant were found to be influenced by the rise and duration of CO 2 concentration and temperature, species, and interaction among those factors. Conclusions: The findings above seem to show that long-term rise of CO 2 concentration, and temperature causes changes in physiological responses of rare and endangered species of plant and the responses may be species-specific. In particular, woody species seem to be more sensitive to the rise of CO 2 concentration and temperature than herb species.

Heat wave event facilitates defensive responses in invasive C3 plant Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. under elevated CO2concentration to the detriment of insect herbivores

“…Climate change is the most important factor influencing natural ecosystems and organisms (Jeong et al, 2018; Howden et al, 2007). The elevatedCO 2 concentration has attracted attention worldwide, and it is expected to drive wide spread increases in extreme heat events this century (Skinneret al, 2018).In this study, we focused on the effect of elevated CO 2 and heat waves on common ragweed secondary metabolism change and on the performance of the common ragweed-specialist herbivorous insect O. communa through metabolomics and a two-sex life table, respectively, subsequently demonstrating the interaction of common ragweed–leaf beetle under a climate change context and providing guidance or common ragweed biocontrol in the future.…”

Effect of Greenhouse CO2 Supplementation on Yield and Mineral Element Concentrations of Leafy Greens Grown Using Nutrient Film Technique

“…The chlorophyll level under supplemented CO 2 can be explained by movement of N to other sinks or it may be due to degradation of the chlorophyll [37]. Another possible reason explaining a decrease in chlorophyll content is accumulation of non-structural carbohydrates under supplemented CO 2 [38]. These non-structural carbohydrate accumulations are generally thought to physically distort the chloroplast [39].…”

Alteration in biochemical constituents and nutrients partitioning of Asparagus racemosus in response to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration

“…However, the exact mechanism needs to be studied in the future to illustrate the mechanism of carbon allocation concerning time. Increase in carbon allocation to leaves, stem and root tissues under elevated CO2 condition was supported by Jeong et al (2018) who performed a study on the same aspect with Hibiscus hambo, Paliurus ramosissimus, Cicuta virosa, Bupleurum latissimum, Viola raddeana, Iris dichotoma and Lavanya et al (2017) on Morus species. The increase and decrease in biomass content varies from species to species.…”