Effects of elevated CO₂ concentration and increased temperature on the growth and crop yield of rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars in Korea -cv. Odaebyeo and cv. Saechucheongbyeo-

Abstract

We grew seedlings of Saechucheongbyeo and Odaebyeo of rice cultivars that are cultivated dominantly in the northern and middle regions of Korea under control(ambient condition), ambient CO2 concentration+elevated temperature, and elevated CO2 concentration+elevated temperature in order to study how growth responses and crop yield of major rice of Korea change as the global warming proceeds and compared the results. Aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, total biomass, and panicles weight per individual and ripended grain rate of cv. Saechucheongbyeo were the highest under control, but those of cv. Odaebyeo were the highest under elevated CO2 concentration+elevated temperature. There was no difference in the number of panicles per individual of cv. Saechucheongbyeo and cv. Odaebyeo in these experiments. There was no difference in the number of grains per panicle of cv. Saechucheongbyeo among three environmental gradients, but that of cv. Odaebyeo was the highest under elevated CO2 concentration+elevated temperature. Weight of a grain of cv. Saechucheongbyeo was highest under elevated CO2 concentration+elevated temperature, but that of cv. Odaebyeo was the higher under ambient CO2 concentration+elevated temperature and elevated CO2 concentration+elevated temperature. Thus, if global warming continues in Korea, selection of rice cultivation varieties must be chosen carefully for commendation.

Effects of elevated CO2concentration and temperature on growth and production of Oryza sativa L. cv. Ilmi, one of the main rice varieties in Korea

“…2b) when both CO 2 concentration and temperature were elevated. In same condition, the total biomass of 'Dongjinbyeo' increased by 18% (Thang 2008) and the total biomass of 'Odaebyeo' increased due to the increase in the aboveground and belowground biomass (Lee et al 2014). However, there were no effects on the aboveground, belowground, and total biomass of 'Saechucheongbyeo' (Lee et al 2014).…”

“…2c). But the biomass of 'Saechucheongbyeo (central regions)' and 'Odaebyeo (Northern regions)' increased because of more photosynthesis when only the temperature was elevated (Lee et al 2014). It is predicted that 'Ilmibyeo' cultivated in the Southern regions of the Korean peninsula will not grow relatively less than other rice varieties cultivated in the Northern and central regions of the Korean peninsula if only the temperature is elevated in the future.…”

“…4). It can be assumed that the response of rice to global warming condition is not determined only by a few crucial characters, but all related characters take part in the overall response (Lee et al 2014).…”

“…The crop map is changing completely as the climate of the Korean peninsula is changing (Ministry of Environment 2014). One can expect that there will be a big change according to the rice variety and cultivation method even though the rice can be cultivated in the entire region of the Korean peninsula as a high temperature crop (Lee et al 2014).…”

“…The CO 2 of the EC-ET was released through a plastic tube which has two holes in it after installing two CO 2 tanks in the glasshouse. The maintenance of CO 2 concentration in the treatment was controlled by using environment measure system (LCSEMS; PARUS Co, Cheonan-si, Korea) (Lee et al 2014). Also ventilation device (DVN-600B; Dongkun-Industrial Co, Incheon-si, Korea) was used for the temperature control of EC-ET.…”