Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System on Larynx: Experimental Study

Saltürk, Zıya; Çakır, Çağlar; Sünnetçi, Gürcan; Atar, Yavuz; Kumral, Tolgar Lütfı; Yıldırım, Güven; Berkıten, Güler; Uyar, Yavuz

doi:10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.10.013

Cited by 27 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Studies performed in animal models show that exposure to ENDS may have some physiologic effects (i.e., reduced weight, oxidative stress, neurobiological changes), 243,306,310,312–317 yet these effects are less substantial than those caused by exposure to cigarettes. 243,307,310,312–317 Attempts to generalize from animal to human effects are premature without further research on human samples.…”

Section: Evidence Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review

Glasser

Collins

Pearson

et al. 2017

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

418

332

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Context Rapid developments in e-cigarettes, or electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), and the evolution of the overall tobacco product marketplace warrant frequent evaluation of the published literature. The purpose of this article is to report updated findings from a comprehensive review of the published scientific literature on ENDS. Evidence acquisition The authors conducted a systematic review of published empirical research literature on ENDS through May 31, 2016, using a detailed search strategy in the PubMed electronic database, expert review, and additional targeted searches. Included studies presented empirical findings and were coded to at least one of nine topics: (1) Product Features; (2) Health Effects; (3) Consumer Perceptions; (4) Patterns of Use; (5) Potential to Induce Dependence; (6) Smoking Cessation; (7) Marketing and Communication; (8) Sales; and (9) Policies; reviews and commentaries were excluded. Data from included studies were extracted by multiple coders (October 2015 to August 2016) into a standardized form and synthesized qualitatively by topic. Evidence synthesis There were 686 articles included in this systematic review. The majority of studies assessed patterns of ENDS use and consumer perceptions of ENDS, followed by studies examining health effects of vaping and product features. Conclusions Studies indicate that ENDS are increasing in use, particularly among current smokers, pose substantially less harm to smokers than cigarettes, are being used to reduce/quit smoking, and are widely available. More longitudinal studies and controlled trials are needed to evaluate the impact of ENDS on population-level tobacco use and determine the health effects of longer-term vaping.

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Section: Evidence Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…243,307,310,312–317 Attempts to generalize from animal to human effects are premature without further research on human samples.…”

Section: Evidence Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review

Glasser

Collins

Pearson

et al. 2017

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

418

332

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies have also been conducted using whole‐animal exposure. For example, eight albino Wistar female rats were exposed to ECIG aerosol (produced from an open ECIG loaded with 0.9% weight/volume nicotine liquid) in an enclosed chamber for 1 h per day for 4 weeks while a control group received no treatment . Vocal folds were evaluated for epithelial distribution, inflammation, hyperplasia, and metaplasia.…”

Section: Effects Of Ecigs In Humans: Studies Using Animal and Human Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic cigarettes: what are they and what do they do?

Breland

Soule

Lopez

et al. 2016

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

279

284

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Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) use electricity to power a heating element that aerosolizes a liquid that often contains solvents, flavorants, and the dependence-producing drug nicotine for user inhalation. ECIGs have evolved rapidly in the past 8 years, and the changes in product design and liquid constituents affect the resulting toxicant yield in the aerosol and delivery to the user. This rapid evolution has been accompanied by dramatic increases in ECIG use prevalence in many countries, including among adults and especially adolescents in the United States. This increased prevalence of a novel product that has the potential to deliver nicotine and other toxicants to users’ lungs drives a rapidly growing research effort. This review highlights the most recent information regarding the design of ECIGs and liquid and aerosol constituents, the epidemiology of ECIG use among adolescents and adults (including correlates of ECIG use), and preclinical and clinical research regarding ECIG effects. The current literature suggests a strong rationale for an empirical regulatory approach toward ECIGs that balances any potential ECIG-mediated decreases in health risks for smokers who use them as substitutes for tobacco cigarettes and against any increased risks for nonsmokers who may be attracted to them.

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“…Moreover, in vivo studies found that e-cig emission inhalation can cause deleterious effects to the lung and beyond (C.A. Lerner et al 2015; Salturk et al 2015). It is worth noting that such toxicological studies utilized e-cig liquid instillation, which cannot reflect real e-cig exposure because chemical transformation can happen during e-liquid vaporization (Lim & Kim 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and characterization of electronic-cigarette exposure generation system (Ecig-EGS) for the physico-chemical and toxicological assessment of electronic cigarette emissions

Zhao¹,

Pyrgiotakis²,

Demokritou³

2016

Inhalation Toxicology

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Electronic cigarettes (e-cig) have been introduced as a nicotine replacement therapy and have gained increasing attention and popularity. However, while findings on possible toxicological implications continue to grow, major knowledge gaps on both the complex chemistry of the exposure and toxicity exist, prohibiting public health assessors from assessing risks. Here a versatile electronic cigarette exposure generation system (Ecig-EGS) has been developed and characterized. Ecig-EGS allows generation of real world e-cig emission profiles under controlled operational conditions, real time monitoring and time-integrated particle/gas sampling for physico-chemical characterization, and toxicological assessment (both in vitro and in vivo). The platform is highly versatile and can be used with all e-cig types. It enables generation of precisely controlled e-cig exposure while critical operational parameters and environmental mixing conditions can be adjusted in a systematic manner to assess their impact on complex chemistry and toxicity of emissions. Results proved the versatility and reproducibility of Ecig-EGS. E-cig emission was found to contain 106 – 107 particles/cm3 with the mode diameter around 200nm, under air change rate of 60/h. Elevated CO2 and volatile organic specie generation was also observed. Furthermore, environmental mixing conditions also influenced e-cig emission profile. The versatility of Ecig-EGS will enable linking of operational and environmental parameters with exposure chemistry and toxicology and help in assessing health risks.

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Effects of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System on Larynx: Experimental Study

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review

Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review

Electronic cigarettes: what are they and what do they do?

Development and characterization of electronic-cigarette exposure generation system (Ecig-EGS) for the physico-chemical and toxicological assessment of electronic cigarette emissions

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