Effects of electron-beam irradiation, a thin-Ti layer, and a BeO additive on the diffusion of titanium in synthetic sapphire

Ahn, Yong-Kil; Seo, Jin-Gyo; Wathanakul, P.; Park, Jong–Wan

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.08.071

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Fe 2+ -Ti 4+ pairs at a level of 50 ppma (parts per million atoms) are responsible for the deep blue color of sapphires (Ahn et al 2011(Ahn et al , 2013. The diffusion of Ti into synthetic sapphire (α-Al 2 O 3 ) in the temperature range of 1173-1923 K for 200 h in air was explored.…”

Section: Titanium Diffusion In Sapphirementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calculated values of D at various temperatures and the diffusion annealing times are listed in Table 11.5. By plotting the diffusion coefficient versus Ahn et al (2013). With kind permission of Elsevier the inverse absolute temperature along the line of Eq.…”

Section: Titanium Diffusion In Sapphirementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The unmodified sample is marked by filled squares. Ahn et al (2013). With kind permission of Elsevier the gem industry.…”

Section: Cobalt Diffusion In Aluminamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffusion in Alumina Single Crystals

Pelleg

2015

Diffusion in Ceramics

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Alumina one of the oxide ceramics is the most cost effective and widely used material. With an excellent combination of properties and attractive price alumina has a wide range of application. It is available in purity ranges of 94-99.8 % and usable for critical high temperature application. Alumina exhibits strong ionic interatomic bonding giving rise for its excellent properties such as high hardness, high melting point and its wear resistance. The chemical inertness is of particular interest at high temperature. The measuring and understanding of self-diffusion and other diffusion phenomena, which control many properties, such as sintering, grain growth, creep and most solid-state reactions, have been matters of interest for the successful operation of alumina. The composition of the ceramic body can be changed to enhance particular desirable material characteristics thus for example improving hardness (strength properties) and change color, which is achieved by adding various solutes. Therefore a knowledge of solute diffusion is also essential to understand and maintain the desired property on exposure to high temperature. Since diffusion controlled reactions in grain boundaries and dislocations are faster than in bulk, measuring and understanding the diffusion properties in these locations is of great interest. Its excellent dielectric properties, makes alumina an exceptionally good high temperature electrical insulator. Diffusion data (self, solute, grain boundary and dislocation) are compiled at the end of the chapter.

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Section: Titanium Diffusion In Sapphirementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Titanium Diffusion In Sapphirementioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffusion in Alumina Single Crystals

Pelleg

2015

Diffusion in Ceramics

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“…These include grain modifications, phase transformations, and crystallizations (Othman et al 2015;Nakamura et al 2013;Jasim et al 2019;Hila et al 2020). For sapphire crystals (that is the single crystal form of α-alumina), irradiations have also been employed for ion (titanium and chromium) diffusion in altering color varieties (Ahn et al 2009(Ahn et al , 2011(Ahn et al , 2013. Moreover, alumina is used in radiation dosimeter applications (De Barros et al 2007;Magne et al 2008) and is now used as passive nuclear track detectors aimed at neutron, proton, and charged ion dosimetry (Akselrod et al 2003;Akselrod and Kouwenberg 2018;Kodaira et al 2020;Kusumoto et al 2020b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Dose Distributions by High-energy Electrons in Alumina Pellets Using Monte Carlo Simulations

Hila¹,

Solomon²,

Baule³

et al. 2020

Philipp J Sci

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Electron beam accelerators are broadly used to study the effects of ionizing radiation on the properties of materials. These accelerators are also used to study radiation effects in some important ceramics such as alumina. The produced high-energy electrons at MeV energies will deposit doses that are typically non-uniformly distributed within the entire material. Such distributions provide valuable information regarding the degree of internal and surface changes owing to the irradiation. In the present study, the Monte Carlo (MC) method was used to obtain the dose distributions of high-energy electrons to alumina ceramic in pellet form. The distributions obtained via MCNP5 (Monte Carlo N-Particle version 5) were normalized by experimental values. For the energy of the simulated electrons, both monoenergetic and polyenergetic source electron energies were evaluated. The distributions of the depth-dose, depth-energy, and the top and bottom surface 2D dose mesh were obtained. Results showed that either assumption of monoenergetic or polyenergetic source electron energies resulted in similar depth-dose curves. The depth-energy results showed a larger spread in energy distributions for polyenergetic as compared to monoenergetic source electrons; nonetheless, the average doses for both were similar. The 2D dose maps showed a uniform dose distribution at the top pellet surface and a significantly non-uniform distribution at the bottom of the pellet. These results emphasize the effectiveness of the MC method in determining non-uniform doses within materials, which can be used in quantifying the changes in the material properties at each separate area of the electron irradiated object.

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Effects of electron-beam irradiation, a thin-Ti layer, and a BeO additive on the diffusion of titanium in synthetic sapphire

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Diffusion in Alumina Single Crystals

Diffusion in Alumina Single Crystals

Determination of Dose Distributions by High-energy Electrons in Alumina Pellets Using Monte Carlo Simulations

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