Effects of Electromagnetic Brake and Meniscus Electromagnetic Stirrer on Transient Molten Steel Flow at Meniscus in a Continuous Casting Mold

Takatani, Kouji

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.43.915

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…(2), various turbulent models, such as Prandtl mixing-length-type model, 2) one-equation model, 1) low-Reynolds [7][8][9][10]14) and high-Reynolds [3][4][5]11,13) number two-equation k-e models, and large eddy simulation model 15) have been proposed in the modeling of the continuous casting solidification process. Although some investigation suggested that the numerical treatments of turbulent models and its suppression approach affected the mushy zone, 14,27,28) a realizable k-e turbulent model equations, 12,29) which possibly better describes the mold flow with higher turbulent Reynolds number and predicts the spreading rate of SEN impinging jets in a thin slab casting at higher casting speed, is used in this study.…”

Section: Numerical Analysis Methods 31 Mathematical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most of mathematical models were focused on the analysis of fluid flow, heat transfer and solidification in the conventional slab/billet mold without EMBR [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] or with EMBR. [13][14][15] In terms of numerical analysis of thin-slab casting process, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] O'Connor et al 16) analyzed thermo-mechanical state in the funnel-type mold of CSP thin-slab caster. Camporredondo et al 17) performed an extensive experimental and modeling study to elucidate the thermal evolution of thin slabs during their passage through the mold and secondary cooling system of a CSP caster by a 2D curvilinear coordinate unsteady-state heatconduction model.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow and Thermal Characteristics of Thin Slab in the Funnel-Type Molds of Two Casters

et al. 2011

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Section: Numerical Analysis Methods 31 Mathematical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow and Thermal Characteristics of Thin Slab in the Funnel-Type Molds of Two Casters

et al. 2011

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“…The model has been validated by water model and by the low melting point alloy experiments. K. Takatani 43) has further developed his model and shown the effect of port angle, argon flow, electromagnetic brake and electromagnetic stirrer on the meniscus behavior. In the spray cooling zone, variables are nozzle type, water pressure, nozzle to nozzle distance, nozzle to strand surface length and strand surface area cooled by water spray.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Dimensional Turbulent Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Mathematical Model for the Analysis of a Continuous Slab Caster

Shamsi

Ajmani

2007

ISIJ International

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Continuous casting of slab caster of Tata Steel has been simulated using a three dimensional mathematical model based on considerations of fluid flow, heat transfer and solidification for better understanding of the process. Liquid metal comes in the mould by bifurcated nozzle. The principal model equations are momentum and heat balances. In various zones, different standard boundary conditions have been used. In the mould region, Savage and Prichard expression for heat flux has been used. In the spray cooling zone, heat transfer coefficient for surface cooling of the slab has been calculated by knowing the water flow rate and nozzle configuration of plant. The turbulence in the molten metal has been modelled by the Realizable k-e model. CFD software (Fluent) has been used for the solution of equations to predict the velocities in the molten pool of the slab, temperature of the entire volume of the slab, heat transfer coefficient in the mould region, heat flux in the spray and radiation region and shell thickness. The variables studied are different casting speed.KEY WORDS: slab caster; turbulence; solidification; shell profile; CFD; radiation cooling; spray cooling; heat flux; heat transfer coefficient; mathematical modelling; steel casting; realizable k-epsilon model. ISIJ International, Vol. 47 (2007), No. 3, pp. 433-442 433 © 2007 ISIJ austenite-ferrite phase transformation, which is accompanied by a sizeable volume change should not occur. To meet the above criteria, after certain length of spray cooling, the strand is allowed to be radiant cooled. The dimensions of the caster are given in Table 1. The spray zone length has been sub divided into six regions for flexibility of cooling. The first is spray ring region (Zone 0) just after the mould and having only water flow. In the narrow face of the slab, the spray ring region (Zone 0 N&S) is also having only water flow. After this region, there is no forced cooling on the narrow face. After spray ring region other spray zones are named as 1A, 1B, Zone 2, Zone 3, Zone 4 and Zone 5 as mentioned in Table 1. Slab cast should be free from surfaces and internal cracks. For a given composition of steel, solidification in the slab casting will depend on fluid flow and heat transfer in different zones. In the mould region, the total heat transfer can be easily obtained by knowing difference of temperature between the inlet and the outlet of water passing through mould cooling jacket and its flow rate. Theoretically, it is difficult to get the heat transfer along the mould length because of air gap formation between mould and slab, resistance of heat flow due to shell formation, mould plate, water-copper plate, thermal contraction of slab and mould plate, bulging due to liquid height pressure.2-6) Singh and Blazek 7) have experimentally measured the heat transfer profile along the mould length by using a bench scale casting facility. Mould was stationary, unlike the actual caster. They have shown the effect of carbon content, casting speeds, pouring practice, mou...

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“…4) As a good example, I would like to draw attention to complex CFD predictions being carried out by Dr. Kouji Takatani and fellow researchers in his research laboratory at SMI, using some 240 computers, all working on parts of the numerical solutions, in parallel with one another, allowing for extremely fine grids. 5) Even under these best of circumstances, there will still remain many instances of uncertainty in predicting just what happens in complex two phase flow problems such as slag droplet entrainment into liquid steels, or three phase flows such as bottom bubbling, foaming, iron droplet-laden, slags in BOF's. CFD predictions of such phenomena are likely to be wrong, in the absence of supporting experimental data and observations.…”

Section: The Theory Of Fluid Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Fluid Flows in Liquid Metal Processing and Casting Operations

Guthrie

2009

ISIJ Int.

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Fluid flows have proved to be an integral part of many metallurgical processing operations. Metal, slag, and gas flows invariably affect the viability, effectiveness, and efficiency, of our reactor vessels. The performance characteristics of our blast furnaces and steelmaking vessels, such as BOF's, OBM's, ladles, tundishes, and the moulds of continuous casting machines, are all strongly influenced by such flows. Similarly, liquid metal quality and cast micro-structures, are also bound up with the way fluids have flowed and interacted. In all these aspects, the rapid evolution in our techniques and abilities to mathematically and physically model single and multi-phase flows and their attendant heat and mass transfer processes, have contributed significantly to our understanding, and ability, to control and improve these metallurgical processing operations, and to develop new and better processes. The evolution and application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) over the past four decades has been particularly impressive. The author's many fine Japanese graduate students have made very valuable contributions to this new field of research for Process Metallurgists, as well as to the founding and scientific support of the McGill Metals Processing Centre, MMPC, following their return to Japan.KEY WORDS: fluid flow; computational fluid dynamics; water models; blast furnace; steelmaking vessels; ladles; tundishes; moulds; continuous casting; strip casting; horizontal single belt casting; inclusions; liquid metal quality; LiMCA; ESZ-pas; ab-initio heat flux predictions. 1453© 2009 ISIJ Review gical and hydro-metallurgical, all involve fluid flows, in one way or another, in association with heat and mass exchanges between gaseous, liquid and solid phases.Today, fluid flows still abound for the material scientists, but I suspect few appreciate it, unless their educational background includes a little Process Metallurgy, or its equivalent. Consider the production of advanced materials involving the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of turbine blade super-alloys with nickel based deposits of alumina, or the transport of SiF 4 gas and special additives onto the insides of glass tubes so as to create fibre-optic cables, or the wetting and coating of plastic compact discs with molten aluminum, or the role of natural convection in the production of single crystals of silicon from a melt, etc., etc. The Theory of Fluid FlowsWhat exactly do we know about fluid mechanics? Stripped to its essence, a fluid is defined as a substance that cannot sustain shear stresses without moving. For instance, a stable, motionless pool of liquid steel can be contained within an adiabatic ladle, but if there are any heat losses to the walls, thermal density differences between cooler steel at the sidewalls will lead to gradients in density and therefore weight. These spatial differences in gravitational forces, in turn, will generate re-circulatory natural convective flows. Similarly, once a tap-hole or slide-gate nozzle is opened, the large stat...

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Effects of Electromagnetic Brake and Meniscus Electromagnetic Stirrer on Transient Molten Steel Flow at Meniscus in a Continuous Casting Mold

Cited by 33 publications

References 15 publications

Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow and Thermal Characteristics of Thin Slab in the Funnel-Type Molds of Two Casters

Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow and Thermal Characteristics of Thin Slab in the Funnel-Type Molds of Two Casters

Three Dimensional Turbulent Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Mathematical Model for the Analysis of a Continuous Slab Caster

A Review of Fluid Flows in Liquid Metal Processing and Casting Operations

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