Abstract:Static friction is important for many non-lubricated surfaces, especially when friction is intermittent. Coefficients of Friction (COF) were evaluated on industrial aluminum alloys 1050 and 6082, which were freshly anodized in sulfuric/oxalic or phosphoric acid electrolytes to 60 μm coating thickness. Hard anodizing significantly reduced COF. Under 10 N load friction trends were nearly identical despite sliding velocity variation from 0.02 to 0.5 cm/s, while 1 N load led to higher static COF. Magnetron sputter… Show more
“…Al alloys 1050 of 99.67% purity (0.25% Fe; 0.08% Si) and 6082 of 96.72% (1.10% Si; 1.02% Mg; 0.61% Mn; 0.54% Fe), with a sheet thickness of 2 mm, from FXB-Niemet UAB (Lithuania), were used as substrates for anodization and deposition of group IVB and other metals as nanolayers on anodic coatings. Most of the equipment and procedures, including hard anodizing, microscopy and tribotesting had already been presented previously [9,17,18]. Briefly, their descriptions are provided below.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The duration of the tribotest was either automatically limited, due to excessive frictional force because of an increase in COF, or stopped after a specified number of friction cycles. Static COF, representing the highest friction force of the first friction cycle required to start sliding motion, was measured as described previously [17].…”
Section: Tribotestingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this study, nanolayers of group IVB (Ti, Zr, Hf) elements and several additional metals, including Cr, Cu and Nb, were deposited on anodic coatings of industrially relevant Al alloys 1050 and 6082 in order to combat dry friction losses. While a significant portion of the data was retrieved from previous publications [17,18], new microscopy images, roughness measurements and conceptual interpretations are also provided. A preliminary assessment of the thin Sn layers is also presented.…”
The utilization of anodized aluminum (Al) components would contribute greatly to combat against dry friction if good tribological properties could be attained. Despite its hardness, the wear rate of anodic coatings presents a major problem in many applications, including automotive, aerospace and high-tech industries. Recently, nanolayers of Ti demonstrated high tribological effectiveness and unusually low dry friction on anodic coatings. However, few researchers focus on the tribological characterization of nanolayers of other elements. In this study, nanolayers of Ti, Zr, Hf, Cu, Cr, Nb and Sn were deposited on anodized 1050 and 6082 alloys by magnetron sputtering and Atomic Layer Deposition. Major attention was devoted to surface roughness and hardness measurements, because of their importance for static friction. The results showed that structural, chemical and other intrinsic properties of nanolayers of Group IVB elements in many cases led to significant friction reduction, when compared to those of Cu, Cr and Hf. Nanolayers of 15 nm to 75 nm thicknesses appeared most effective tribologically, while 180 nm or thicker layers progressively lost their ability to sustain low dynamic friction. Deposition of nanoscale structures could provide advantages for the anodized Al industry in protection against incidental friction and wear.
“…Al alloys 1050 of 99.67% purity (0.25% Fe; 0.08% Si) and 6082 of 96.72% (1.10% Si; 1.02% Mg; 0.61% Mn; 0.54% Fe), with a sheet thickness of 2 mm, from FXB-Niemet UAB (Lithuania), were used as substrates for anodization and deposition of group IVB and other metals as nanolayers on anodic coatings. Most of the equipment and procedures, including hard anodizing, microscopy and tribotesting had already been presented previously [9,17,18]. Briefly, their descriptions are provided below.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The duration of the tribotest was either automatically limited, due to excessive frictional force because of an increase in COF, or stopped after a specified number of friction cycles. Static COF, representing the highest friction force of the first friction cycle required to start sliding motion, was measured as described previously [17].…”
Section: Tribotestingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this study, nanolayers of group IVB (Ti, Zr, Hf) elements and several additional metals, including Cr, Cu and Nb, were deposited on anodic coatings of industrially relevant Al alloys 1050 and 6082 in order to combat dry friction losses. While a significant portion of the data was retrieved from previous publications [17,18], new microscopy images, roughness measurements and conceptual interpretations are also provided. A preliminary assessment of the thin Sn layers is also presented.…”
The utilization of anodized aluminum (Al) components would contribute greatly to combat against dry friction if good tribological properties could be attained. Despite its hardness, the wear rate of anodic coatings presents a major problem in many applications, including automotive, aerospace and high-tech industries. Recently, nanolayers of Ti demonstrated high tribological effectiveness and unusually low dry friction on anodic coatings. However, few researchers focus on the tribological characterization of nanolayers of other elements. In this study, nanolayers of Ti, Zr, Hf, Cu, Cr, Nb and Sn were deposited on anodized 1050 and 6082 alloys by magnetron sputtering and Atomic Layer Deposition. Major attention was devoted to surface roughness and hardness measurements, because of their importance for static friction. The results showed that structural, chemical and other intrinsic properties of nanolayers of Group IVB elements in many cases led to significant friction reduction, when compared to those of Cu, Cr and Hf. Nanolayers of 15 nm to 75 nm thicknesses appeared most effective tribologically, while 180 nm or thicker layers progressively lost their ability to sustain low dynamic friction. Deposition of nanoscale structures could provide advantages for the anodized Al industry in protection against incidental friction and wear.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.