Effects of electrokinetic phenomena on the load-bearing capacity of different steel and concrete piles: a small-scale experimental study

Abstract

To date, the electrokinetic (EK) method has only been used to increase the bearing ca-pacity of steel piles. This study analysed the impact of EK on the bearing capacity of rein-forced cement concrete piles (RCCP), reinforced lime-cement concrete piles (RLCCP), and steel piles (SP) located in kaolin clay. The performance of four different cathodes was also evaluated, and the iron electrode was found to be the most effective cathode for using in EK process. Unlike RLCCP, the bearing capacity of 7-day cured RCCP with 5-day EK decreased due to corrosion in the pile body. However, the addition of lime to RCCP signif-icantly increased the pile bearing capacity by 57.8% with 8-day EK and prevented damage and corrosion in the pile body. It is concluded that EK can effectively increase the bearing capacity of both metallic and even concrete piles.

Application of Ultrasonic Measurements for the Evaluation of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete

“…Some of the characteristics of plain concrete are its low tensile strength and its low tensile strain capacities. Concrete is a brittle material [6][7][8][9][10]. Therefore, improving the ductility of concrete is very important, especially due to the fact that concrete structures may experience extreme loadings during their lifetime [11][12][13][14].…”

Seismic response prediction of FRC rectangular columns using intelligent fuzzy-based hybrid metaheuristic techniques

“…GA as is a MT algorithm, belonging to the larger class of EA (Xu et al 2019 ; Shariati et al 2019b ; Beyene et al 2006 ; Whitley 1994 ), is an algorithm that benefits from the natural biological evolution roles. Generally, GA has been conducted to obtain reliable estimations to the search of shortcomings and optimization by relying on bio-inspired operators such as mutation, crossover and selection followed by Holland (1960) to introduce GA and Goldberg (1989) (Sadeghian et al 2020 ). In GA, the variables of a problem are encoded as chromosomes initially selected, and then are overlapped and mutated in an evolutionary procedure.…”

“…Fibres application in concrete can decline the requirement of transverse reinforcement in fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) members, particularly in their seismic design (Khorami et al 2017 ; Bossio et al 2017 ; Park et al 2016 ; Ghassemieh and Bahadori 2015 ; Shahi et al 2013 ; Jalali et al 2012 ; McMullin et al 1993 ; Bahrololoumi and Dargazany 2019 ; Mohammadi et al 2019a , b ). Fibers play an important role in some critical members which require many reinforcements such as beam to column joints (Kazemi et al 2020a , b ; Afshar et al 2020 ; Sadeghian et al 2020 ). Although the mathematical modelling for the ultimate strength prediction of FRC rectangular columns subjected to simulated seismic loading is suggested in few studies (Aghakhani et al 2015 ; Thai et al 2012 ; McCulloch and Pitts 1943 ; Bahrololoumi and Dargazany 2019 ), the major objective of this research is to avoid the high nonlinearity of mathematical methods by applying soft computing methods.…”

“…Being stuck in local extremums and troubles in solving plateaus of the error function landscape are the malfunctions of the classic algorithms (Ghassemieh and Bahadori 2015 ; Bahrololoumi et al 2020). In order to address classic algorithm deficiencies, MT approaches such as GA (Aghakhani et al 2015 ), PSO (Shariati et al 2019a , b ), and imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) (Sadeghian et al 2020 ) have been proposed and utilized in different prediction cases. Chen et al ( 2018 ) conducted the ANN-PSO algorithm to predict the shear strength of reinforced concrete (RC) walls.…”

Modelling thermal and humidity transfers within green roof systems: effect of rubber crumbs and volcanic gravel

“…However, for the green roof either with pozzolana or rubber crumbs as drainage layer, this difference for substrate with the thicknesses of 9cm and 10cm was negligible. From the structural point of view, it would be better to choose the low-weight substrate layers, imposing a lower load to the building (Teemusk and Mander 2009;Sadeghian et al, 2020). Therefore, the substrate with the thickness of 9cm is recommended to be used once the thickness of pozzolana and rubber crumbs as drainage layer is kept constant, equal to 4 cm.…”