“…In conclusion, the electrically conductive hydrogel could improve cardiac function, as shown by upregulating expression of α-actinin and improving electrical impulse propagation as a result of induced CX-43 expression. The main reason might be that electroactive polymers form tight connections between the cell membranes and intrinsic electrical conductivity of the polymer networks, forming a hybrid network, facilitating signal propagation and expressing specific cardiac markers [ 69 ]. Fig.…”
“…In conclusion, the electrically conductive hydrogel could improve cardiac function, as shown by upregulating expression of α-actinin and improving electrical impulse propagation as a result of induced CX-43 expression. The main reason might be that electroactive polymers form tight connections between the cell membranes and intrinsic electrical conductivity of the polymer networks, forming a hybrid network, facilitating signal propagation and expressing specific cardiac markers [ 69 ]. Fig.…”
“…Acta Biomaterialia volume 139, 2022, has become one of the most downloaded and cited issues of the past year and offers a broad range of reviews on electroactive biomaterials to bring the reader up to speed with the latest advances, as well as cutting‐edge research reports. In the cardiac area, three reviews from thought leaders in the field 1–3 (Guest Editor, Mehdi Nikkhah et al; Su Ryon Shin et al, Harvard, Cambridge, USA; and Li Shen, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China) broadly cover the design and application of electroconductive biomaterials in efforts to mitigate the negative tissue remodeling following myocardial infarction, as well as progress in creating functional in vitro cardiac tissues. The value of conductive substrates versus non‐conductive materials is explored.…”
Section: Acta Biomaterialia (William R Wagner Phd Editor‐in‐chief)mentioning
The field of biomaterials science is highly active, with a steadily increasing number of publications and new journals being founded. This article brings together contributions from the editors of six leading journals in the area of biomaterials science and engineering. Each contributor highlights specific advances, topics, and trends that have emerged through the publications in their respective journal in the calendar year 2022. It presents a global perspective on a wide range of material types, functionalities, and applications. The highlighted topics include a diversity of biomaterials; from proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids to ceramics, metals, advanced composites, and a variety of new forms of these materials. Important advances in dynamically functional materials are presented, including a range of fabrication techniques such as bioassembly, 3D bioprinting and microgel formation. Similarly, several applications are highlighted in drug and gene delivery, biological sensing, cell guidance, immunoengineering, electroconductivity, wound healing, infection resistance, tissue engineering, and treatment of cancer. The goal of this paper is to provide the reader with both a broad view of recent biomaterials research, as well as expert commentary on some of the key advances that will shape the future of biomaterials science and engineering.
“…The distinctive properties of these nanosystems improve heart damage by promoting scar reduction, maintaining hemodynamic function, and regenerating the heart. [ 42 ] The physicochemical properties of materials used in cardiac tissue engineering, such as surface roughness, hydrophilicity, surface‐to‐volume ratio, and reactivity, increase cell direct activity and protein adhesion. These substances selectively direct the fate of cells through stimulation or inhibition.…”
Section: Incorporation Of Conductive Materials Into Hydrogelsmentioning
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and the most common cause is myocardial infarction. Therefore, appropriate approaches should be used to repair damaged heart tissue. Recently, cardiac tissue engineering approaches have been extensively studied. Since the creation of the nature of cardiovascular tissue engineering, many advances have been made in cellular and scaffolding technologies. Due to the hydrated and porous structures of the hydrogel, they are used as a support matrix to deliver cells to the infarct tissue. In heart tissue regeneration, bioactive and biodegradable hydrogels are required by simulating native tissue microenvironments to support myocardial wall stress in addition to preserving cells. Recently, the use of nanostructured hydrogels has increased the use of nanocomposite hydrogels and has revolutionized the field of cardiac tissue engineering. Therefore, to overcome the limitation of the use of hydrogels due to their mechanical fragility, various nanoparticles of polymers, metal, and carbon are used in tissue engineering and create a new opportunity to provide hydrogels with excellent properties. Here, the types of synthetic and natural polymer hydrogels, nanocarbon-based hydrogels, and other nanoparticle-based materials used for cardiac tissue engineering with emphasis on conductive nanostructured hydrogels are briefly introduced.
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