Effects of electrical stimulation‐induced leg training on skeletal muscle adaptability in spinal cord injury

Crameri, Regina M.; Weston, Adèle R.; Climstein, Mike; Davis, Glen M.; Sutton, J. R.

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0838.2002.20106.x

Cited by 102 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Consistent with the results obtained in healthy males [31], paraplegic males [32] and chronic heart failure patients [33] after an electrostimulation programme, we observed an increase in type I fibre proportion and a decrease in type IIx fibre proportion in COPD patients after exacerbation. These changes are usually interpreted as transition from fast-to-slow fibre type.…”

Section: Muscle Structuresupporting

confidence: 80%

Skeletal muscle effects of electrostimulation after COPD exacerbation: a pilot study

Abdellaoui

Préfaut²,

Gouzi³

et al. 2011

European Respiratory Journal

121

122

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Muscle dysfunction is a major problem in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly after exacerbations. We thus asked whether neuromuscular electrostimulation (NMES) might be directly useful following an acute exacerbation and if such a therapy decreases muscular oxidative stress and/or alters muscle fibre distribution.A pilot randomised controlled study of NMES lasting 6 weeks was carried out in 15 in-patients (n59 NMES; n56 sham) following a COPD exacerbation. Stimulation was delivered to the quadriceps and hamstring muscles (35 Hz). Primary outcomes were quadriceps force and muscle oxidative stress.At the end of the study, quadriceps force improvement was statistically different between groups (p50.02), with a significant increase only in the NMES group (median (interquartile range) 10 (4.7-11.5) kg; p50.01). Changes in the 6-min walking distance were statistically different between groups (p50.008), with a significant increase in the NMES group (165 (125-203) m; p50.003). NMES did not lead to higher muscle oxidative stress, as indicated by the decrease in total protein carbonylation (p50.02) and myosin heavy chain carbonylation (p50.01) levels. Finally, we observed a significant increase in type I fibre proportion in the NMES group.Our study shows that following COPD exacerbation, NMES is effective in counteracting muscle dysfunction and decreases muscle oxidative stress.

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Section: Muscle Structuresupporting

confidence: 80%

Skeletal muscle effects of electrostimulation after COPD exacerbation: a pilot study

Abdellaoui

Préfaut²,

Gouzi³

et al. 2011

European Respiratory Journal

121

122

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“…Sixteen weeks of training in people with acute SCI led to partial preservation of type I fiber content and MHC I composition, as well as full preservation of fiber crosssectional area [41]. Oxidative capacity [30, [42][43] and glycolytic capacity [44] have also been shown to improve after training, often in the absence of fiber type alterations [42]. Even after brief periods of training, calcium dynamics in paralyzed muscle may begin to adapt [35].…”

Section: Muscle Response To Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle and bone plasticity after spinal cord injury: Review of adaptations to disuse and to electrical muscle stimulation

Dudley-Javoroski

Shields

2008

JRRD

156

139

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Abstract-The paralyzed musculoskeletal system retains a remarkable degree of plasticity after spinal cord injury (SCI). In response to reduced activity, muscle atrophies and shifts toward a fast-fatigable phenotype arising from numerous changes in histochemistry and metabolic enzymes. The loss of routine gravitational and muscular loads removes a critical stimulus for maintenance of bone mineral density (BMD), precipitating neurogenic osteoporosis in paralyzed limbs. The primary adaptations of bone to reduced use are demineralization of epiphyses and thinning of the diaphyseal cortical wall. Electrical stimulation of paralyzed muscle markedly reduces deleterious post-SCI adaptations. Recent studies demonstrate that physiological levels of electrically induced muscular loading hold promise for preventing post-SCI BMD decline. Rehabilitation specialists will be challenged to develop strategies to prevent or reverse musculoskeletal deterioration in anticipation of a future cure for SCI. Quantifying the precise dose of stress needed to efficiently induce a therapeutic effect on bone will be paramount to the advancement of rehabilitation strategies.

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“…The addition of ES to PRT is usually justified by observed increases in stimulated strength or muscle hypertrophy in paralyzed muscle. [6][7][8] However,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical stimulation plus progressive resistance training for leg strength in spinal cord injury: A randomized controlled trial

et al. 2010

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Study design: A randomized controlled trial. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of electrical stimulation (ES)-evoked muscle contractions superimposed on progressive resistance training (PRT) for increasing voluntary strength in the quadriceps muscles of people with spinal cord injuries (SCI). Setting: Sydney, Australia. Methods: A total of 20 people with established SCI and neurologically induced weakness of the quadriceps muscles participated in the trial. Participants were randomized between experimental and control groups. Volunteers in the experimental group received ES superimposed on PRT to the quadriceps muscles of one leg thrice weekly for 8 weeks. Participants in the control group received no intervention. Assessments occurred at the beginning and at the end of the 8-week period. The four primary outcomes were voluntary strength (Nm) and endurance (fatigue ratio) as well as the performance and satisfaction items of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM; points). Results: The between-group mean differences (95% confidence interval (CI)) for voluntary strength and endurance were 14 Nm (1-27; P ¼ 0.034) and 0.1 (À0.1 to 0.3; P ¼ 0.221), respectively. The between-group median differences (95% CI) for the performance and satisfaction items of the COPM were 1.7 points (À0.2 to 3.2; P ¼ 0.103) and 1.4 points (À0.1 to 4.6; P ¼ 0.058), respectively. Conclusion: ES superimposed on PRT improves voluntary strength, although there is uncertainty about whether the size of the treatment effect is clinically important. The relative effectiveness of ES and PRT is yet to be determined.

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Effects of electrical stimulation‐induced leg training on skeletal muscle adaptability in spinal cord injury

Cited by 102 publications

References 35 publications

Skeletal muscle effects of electrostimulation after COPD exacerbation: a pilot study

Skeletal muscle effects of electrostimulation after COPD exacerbation: a pilot study

Muscle and bone plasticity after spinal cord injury: Review of adaptations to disuse and to electrical muscle stimulation

Electrical stimulation plus progressive resistance training for leg strength in spinal cord injury: A randomized controlled trial

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