Effects of egg yolk and soybean lecithin on sperm quality determined by computer‐assisted sperm analysis and confocal laser scanning microscope in chilled canine sperm

Abstract

The reduction of spermatozoa survival time is a major problem of canine chilled sperm for artificial insemination. The aim of the study was to improve the quality of canine chilled sperm during storage time. We therefore, evaluated the effects of eight treatments with different levels of soybean lecithin concentration (1, 3 and 5%) and egg yolk (20%) in Tris‐citric‐fructose or Tris‐citric‐fructose‐mineral salts extender on chilled canine sperm quality during 10 days of storage. The sperm motility was analysed by computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA), whereas plasma membrane integrity, acrosome membrane integrity and mitochondrial membrane potential parameters were determined using a fluorescent staining combination of propidium iodide (PI), Hoechst 33342 (H342), fluorescein isothiocyanate‐conjugated Pisum sativum agglutinin (FITC‐PSA) and 5,5′,6,6′‐tetrachloro‐1,1′,3,3′‐tetraethylbenzimidazolyl‐carbocyanine iodide (JC‐1) by confocal laser scanning microscope. The results showed that egg yolk was found to be better than soybean lecithin in Tris‐citric‐fructose or Tris‐citric‐fructose‐mineral salts extender for maintaining the quality of chilled canine sperm within 10 days of storage (P < 0.05). Although egg yolk in Tris‐citric‐fructose extender could maintain the motility better than other extenders, egg yolk in Tris‐citric‐fructose‐mineral salts extender was the highest in intact plasma membrane, intact acrosome membrane and high mitochondrial membrane potential (P < 0.05). In contrast, the sperm quality of soybean lecithin in Tris‐citric‐fructose‐mineral salts extender was lower than that of soybean lecithin in Tris‐citric‐fructose extender, and soybean lecithin 1% was greater than soybean lecithin 3% and 5% in plasma membrane integrity, acrosome membrane integrity and mitochondrial membrane potential (P < 0.05). In conclusion, soybean lecithin cannot replace egg yolk in Tris‐citric‐fructose or Tris‐citric‐fructose‐mineral salts extenders, and egg yolk in Tris‐citric‐fructose‐mineral salts extender is superior to other extenders in chilling canine sperm.

The Use of κ-Carrageenan in Egg Yolk Free Extender Improves the Efficiency of Canine Semen Cryopreservation

“…Egg yolk-based extender exerts a protective effect on FT semen [ 4 , 32 ]. However, particulates in yolk induce difficulty during semen evaluation and may interfere with FT semen quality.…”

The possibility of using citric phosphate dextrose in chilling ram semen instead of egg yolk and soybean lecithin to improve fertility

“…Accordingly, exogenous phospholipids present in EGD and SLD (Khalifa & Abdel‐Hafez, 2014) extenders can supply some of the sperm cells membrane phospholipids to maintain plasma membrane structure and function. The 2nd hypothesis has a widely accepted, it found that phospholipids in either egg yolk or soybean lecithin do not enter the sperm cells membrane to alter the phospholipids membrane concentration but could be formed a protective film around the sperm cells membrane to prevent deterioration of sperm membrane, intracellular fluidity and could protect the sperm cells membrane from mechanical damage during temperature variation (Nguyen, Ponchunchoovong, Kupittayanant, & Kupittayanant, 2019). On the other hand, Mostafa et al., (2018) suggested that the presence of higher calcium ions in egg yolk and lecithin might be concerned with the membrane damage; therefore, it was declared that the normal membrane of spermatozoa has a direct correlation with sperm motility and acrosome status.…”

“…It is cleared that EGD, SLD and CPDA lead to significant increase (Nguyen, Ponchunchoovong, Kupittayanant, & Kupittayanant, 2019). On the other hand, Mostafa et al, (2018) suggested that the presence of higher calcium ions in egg yolk and lecithin might be concerned with the membrane damage; therefore, it was declared that the normal membrane of spermatozoa has a direct correlation with sperm motility and acrosome status.…”

The effect of a canine semen activator supplementation or addiction on the long-term refrigeration quality of dog spermatozoa

“…The use of fresh sperm is indicated in male or female that cannot the natural mating for physical or behavioural causes. The storage of sperm (chilled or frozzen) allows a wider genetic improvement of breed advantage of chilled respect to fresh semen are cost relatively inexpensive between countries, animal transportation, and less stressing life-threatening and time-consuming reduces venereal disease risks and allows breeders to use semen from genetically superior dogs, simplify and popularize insemination techniques [1][2].…”

“…Refers to Farelly's Vital Staining subjective assessment 2. Corresponds to normal sperm according to Host-s.Different letters in the same row p <0.001…”