Effects of edifenphos and glyphosate on the immune response and protein biosynthesis of bolti fish (Tilapia nilotica)

Abstract

The effects of 1/1000 field recommended concentration of the organophosphorus compounds; edifenphos and glyphosate on the immune response and protein contents were investigated after different time intervals. The cell mediated immune response assessed by proliferative response of splenocytes to mitogens; phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) for T cell and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for B cell decreased significantly in tems of the level of stimulation index in the treated fish and reached maximal depression after 4 weeks. Humoral immunity assessed as splenic antibody plaque forming cells (PFC) measured after 5 days in vitro immunization to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC's) were suppressed in a concentration dependent pattern by the two compounds. The estimated ED50 for the PFC/10(6) cells of edifenphos and glyphosate were 1.48 x 10(-2) uM and 1.65 x 10(-2) uM respectively. The data also showed that serum antibody titres in the treated fish were decreased in a time dependent manner. The total protein content of serum treated with the two pesticides was decreased after different time periods compared with control. The blood serum of treated and untreated Tilapia nilotica were analyzed electrophoretically for protein components and the percentage of proteins in each fraction was determined.

Alteration in the cytokine levels and histopathological damage in common carp induced by glyphosate

“…For example, El-Gendy et al (1998) found a decrease in the total protein content of serum that was concomitant with a change in the serum antibody titers in glyphosate-treated bolti fish. Kreutz et al (2011) also reported an altered phagocytic index, serum bacteria agglutination, and lysozyme activity in silver catfish following glyphosate-exposure.…”

Altered hematological and immunological parameters in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) following short term exposure to sublethal concentration of glyphosate

“…Thus, the data reported so far indicates that commercial formula of glyphosate causes a typical stress response on fish with a likely effect on immune response. Indeed, altered protein biosynthesis and immune function were observed in Tilapia (Tilapia nilotica) exposed to glyphosate [16].…”

Acute toxicity and behavioral changes of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii Kutum Kamensky, 1991) and Caspian roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus Jakowlew, 1870) exposed to the fungicide hinosan

“…The influence of hinosan on fish toxicity was evident. El-Gendy et al (1998) studied the effects of hinosan on the immune response and protein biosynthesis. They declared that hinosan and glyphosate with 1/1000 concentration exhibit changes in the electrophoretic pattern of serum fish proteins.…”