Effects of Eccentric Overload Bout on Change of Direction and Performance in Soccer Players

Abstract

The aims of this study were to analyse the effects of eccentric overload training (EOT) on kinetic parameters during change of direction (COD) and performance related to sprinting and jumping abilities. 20 male soccer players performed 2 different protocols: 1) 5-min cycling warm-up and 2) 5-min cycling warm-up+YoYo half-squat exercise. The outcome measured included vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) and propulsive force (PvGRF), time to vGRF (T_vGRF) and propulsive force (T_PvGRF), contact time (CT), eccentric (ECC_IMP), concentric (CONC_IMP) and total (TOT_IMP) impulses and moments (Mx, My and Mz) during 2 COD tasks. Additionally, subjects performed a counter-movement jump (CMJ) and 20 m sprint tests. Results showed a substantial better improvement (likely to almost certainly) in vGRF (ES: 0.84), vAGRF (ES: 0.72), CT (ES: 0.48), My (ES: 0.35), Mz (ES: 0.44) and ECC_IMP (ES: 0.45) during crossover cutting maneuver, whereas during side-step cutting maneuver Time_ECC (ES: 0.68), CT (ES: 0.64), vGRF (ES: 0.48) and My (ES: 0.47) were substantially enhanced (likely). Furthermore, substantial better performance was found in CMJ (ES: 0.47; very likely) and 20 m (ES: 0.20; possibly). In conclusion, EOT produced a better muscle activation during 2 different COD tasks and greater sprinting and jumping performance.

Effect of Postactivation Potentiation After Medium vs. High Inertia Eccentric Overload Exercise on Standing Long Jump, Countermovement Jump, and Change of Direction Performance

“…The advantages of eccentric resistance exercise on subsequent performance have been reported by previous authors (18,32), e.g. EOL protocol reported a positive PAP effect on jump and sprint performance in soccer players (14); moreover, improved lower limb (e.g. jump action) performance was reported in swimmers (11).…”

Relationships between Change of Direction, Sprint, Jump, and Squat Power Performance

“…This is the first study that has analyzed the statistical relationships between the power output in a flywheel inertial device and COD; therefore, direct comparisons with other studies are not possible. However, it has been reported that these devices are designed to emphasize more forceful actions in the ECC-CON transition phase [19,20], being able to produce a better activation during two different COD tasks (side-step and crossover cutting) [34]. Furthermore, COD was improved in soccer players after 11 weeks of flywheel training with these devices [35].…”

In-season eccentric-overload training in elite soccer players: Effects on body composition, strength and sprint performance

“…Flywheel inertial devices provide a source of linear resistance from a spinning disc or cone, which can produce a higher overload and activation in the eccentric phase in comparison with traditional free-weights exercises [ 15 ]. As an alternative, or addition, to the more traditional training methods the potential benefits of including inertial eccentric-overload training related to the ability to freely move in the three dimensions for a “more specific” training stimulus [ 16 , 17 ], the improvement of muscle coordination, the adaptations towards a stronger and faster muscle [ 18 , 19 ], a reduction in muscle-injury incidence and severity [ 13 , 14 ] and improvements in strength, linear-sprint speed and change of direction ability [ 20 – 22 ].…”