Effects of early malnutrition on tail pinch-induced behavior of the rat

Picone, Thomas A.; Hall, Robert D.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(79)90416-5

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Context modulates the behavioural response to tail-pinch in that the response is influenced by the sort of stimuli present in the environment, by the rat's physiological and motivational state, and by the animal's experiential history (Szechtman, 1980). For instance, tail-pinch behaviour takes the form of eating when food pellets are available Levine & Morley, 1981) but turns into gnawing in the presence of wooden blocks (Koob et al, 1976) or maternal behaviour when there are rat pups in the vicinity (Sherman, 1972;Szechtman et al, 1977) or increased bar-pressing for brain stimulation when there exists the opportunity to obtain rewarding brain stimulation (Katz et al, 1980); however, tail-pinch does not induce drinking of water (Antelman et al, 1976;Mufson et al, 1976;Marques et al, 1979) and rarely rearing or grooming (Picone & Hall, 1979;Szechtman & Hall, 1980;Szechtman, 1980), suggesting some specificity to the tail-pinch stimulus. Motivational states also influence the response to tail-pinch.…”

Section: Not Magic Bullets But Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

Context gives meaning. Commentary on Badiani and Robinson Drug-induced neurobehavioral plasticity: the role of environmental context

Szechtman¹

2004

Behavioural Pharmacology

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A Badiani and TE Robinson (2004) review findings which show that the neurobiological profile of sensitization to a drug depends on the context of the drug experience. The commentary notes that such findings are consistent with the concept of drugs as functional stimuli and that the meaning of stimuli is provided by context. Furthermore, it suggests that psychostimulant drugs generate cues that are affective in nature and that the organism overlays a meaning on these signals that is congruent with the motivational state in the current surroundings. Finally, it questions whether sensitization lacks specificity in animal models of psychiatric disorders but points out that models of specific disorders may be produced by inducing sensitization in the appropriate context.

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Section: Not Magic Bullets But Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

Context gives meaning. Commentary on Badiani and Robinson Drug-induced neurobehavioral plasticity: the role of environmental context

Szechtman¹

2004

Behavioural Pharmacology

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“…Behavioral testing of rats reared by dams who were maintained on an 8070 protein diet during pregnancy and lactation has been limited. However, Frankova and Barnes (1968) have reported that rats with inadequate protein early in life manifest a variety of behavioral disorders, including stereotyped movements and a failure to delay or extinguish fixed conditioned responses; and Picone and Hall (1977) have found that such animals also differ in their responses to tail pinch. In addition, Stem, Resnick, and Morgane (1976) reported a deficit in retention (but not in acquisition) on a response altemation task, although Hall (1983) observed no differences in learning a radial maze when factors such as running speed were equated, A review of the neurobiological and behavioralliterature on the effects of 8% casein diets has been provided by Morgane et al (1978).…”

Section: Drain Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of early protein undernutrition and later frontal cortex damage on habit acquisition and reversallearning in the rat

Silva¹,

Bouzrara²,

Finger³

et al. 1984

Psychobiology

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Rats from dams that were undernourished (8% casein diets) during pregnancy and lactation or weH fed (25% casein diets) received frontal corticallesions at maturity. The animals were then tested for the ability to master a simple sensory discrimination and to learn reversals of that discrimination. Main effects of undernutrition and the frontal corticallesion were found in originallearning but not on the reversals, and animals that received both early undernutrition and the later focal brain lesion made more errors in originallearning than did rats that sustained only undernutrition or only the lesion. The suggestion that early nutritional history may be one of a number of factors that can help to explain why patients with seemingly similar brain lesions do not always show identical symptoms is discussed.Subjects who receive lesions of the same brain structures do not always exhibit identical degrees of behavioral impairment (Finger & Stein, 1982). Several factors have now been proposed to account for this variability, which has been observed both with clinical populations and laboratory animals. For example, under some conditions it is known that age at the time of insult can affect the degree of functional sparing (Johnson & Almli, 1978), as can the speed of growth or "momentum" of the lesion (Finger, 1978b). In addition, nonspecific environmental "enrichment" has also been shown to enhance behavioral recovery, at least on simple maze-learning tasks following cortical or hippocampal lesions (Finger, 1978a).A variable that has only recently been explored in this context is the early nutritional history of the sub-[ect. Early undernutrition can affect several indices of brain function, including cellular growth and differentiation and synapse formation and myelination, and it has also been established that some behaviors can be affected if undernutrition is experienced during the period of rapid brain growth (Winick, 1976). These observations may be interpreted to suggest that early undernutrition can also affect recovery from later brain damage-a hypothesis that has now been examined in three recent studies from this laboratory, using the pups of rat dams that had experienced 50010 less food than control dams during the lactation period.The results of two of these studies have shown that early undernutrition can affect performance following a brain lesion later in life, even under conditions in which poor early diet has little or no effect on the scores of rats without focal brain lesions. In one case (Mangold, Bell, Gruenthal, & Finger, 1981), in which rats with posterior corticallesions were tested for the ability to make a brightness discrimination, poor early nutrition retarded recovery following the focal lesion. In the other, in which rats with hippocampal lesions were tested on a battery of DRL operant conditioning tasks, undernutrition attenuated the lesion effect (Finger & Green, 1983). The generality of the latter finding was examined in a third study (Laughlin, Finger, & Bell, 1983) in which rats were...

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Availability of phenylalanine and tyrosine for brain norepinephrine synthesis in developmentally protein-malnourished rats

Miller¹,

Hasson²,

Resnick³

1982

Experimental Neurology

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Effects of early malnutrition on tail pinch-induced behavior of the rat

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Context gives meaning. Commentary on Badiani and Robinson Drug-induced neurobehavioral plasticity: the role of environmental context

Context gives meaning. Commentary on Badiani and Robinson Drug-induced neurobehavioral plasticity: the role of environmental context

Effects of early protein undernutrition and later frontal cortex damage on habit acquisition and reversallearning in the rat

Availability of phenylalanine and tyrosine for brain norepinephrine synthesis in developmentally protein-malnourished rats

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