Effects of DSPP Gene Mutations on Periodontal Tissues

Abstract

Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene mutations cause autosomal dominantly inherited diseases. DSPP gene mutations lead to abnormal expression of DSPP, resulting in a series of histological, morphological, and clinical abnormalities. A large number of previous studies demonstrated that DSPP is a dentinal-specific protein, and DSPP gene mutations lead to dentin dysplasia and dentinogenesis imperfecta. Recent studies have found that DSPP is also expressed in bone, periodontal tissues, and salivary glands. DSPP is involved in the formation of the periodontium as well as tooth structures. DSPP deficient mice present furcation involvement, cementum, and alveolar bone defect. We speculate that similar periodontal damage may occur in patients with DSPP mutations. This article reviews the effects of DSPP gene mutations on periodontal status. However, almost all of the research is about animal study, there is no evidence that DSPP mutations cause periodontium defects in patients yet. We need to conduct systematic clinical studies on DSPP mutation families in the future to elucidate the effect of DSPP gene on human periodontium.

Emaljedysplasi eller dentinanomali?

“…Odontoblasterne secernerer organisk praedentin matrix, der omdannes til mineraliseret dentin bestående af hydroxylapatit 70 %, organisk materiale 20 % og vand 10 %. Den organiske del består hovedsageligt af type 1 kollagen 85 % og nonkollagene proteiner (10), hvor dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) er dominerende og antages at have stor betydning for den tidlige dannelse og mineralisering af dentinen (11). Efter den primaere dentindannelse fortsaetter odontoblasterne med dannelse af sekundaer dentin ind mod pulpa, hvilket over tid resulterer i reduceret størrelse af pulpa cavum.…”

Mechanical Loading on Cementoblasts: A Mini Review

“…Also, gene mutation can affect the periodontal tissue [11,12]. As an example, patients affected by dentin sialphosphoprotein gene mutations suffer from tooth loss due to a lack in the mineralization process [11].…”

“…Also, gene mutation can affect the periodontal tissue [11,12]. As an example, patients affected by dentin sialphosphoprotein gene mutations suffer from tooth loss due to a lack in the mineralization process [11]. Furthermore, during root formation, liver/ bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) and distal-less homeobox-3 (DLX3) are implicated and mutation of these genes lead to root shortening or in severe cases to the absence of cementum [12].…”