Effects of dry period length on milk yield and content and metabolic status of high-producing dairy cows under heat stress

Boustan, Azadeh; Vahedi, Vahid; Farab, M Abdi; Karami, Hossein; Seyedsharifi, Reza; Evrigh, Nemat Hedayat; Ghazaei, Ciamak; Salem, Abdelfattah Z.M.

doi:10.1007/s11250-021-02634-1

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This result was confirmed by the value of OR which appeared to be close to one. The present result comes in accordance with the findings of previous authors (Mansfeld et al 2012 ; Kok et al 2017 , 2021 ; Boustan et al 2021 ) who conducted several studies connected to the effect of DP on milk yield. In conclusion, their results showed that shortening the length of DP (≤ 60 days) leads to an improvement in the metabolic status of dairy cows without any decrease in total milk production.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

The estimation and interpretation of ordered logit models for assessing the factors connected with the productivity of Holstein–Friesian dairy cows in Egypt

Moawed

El-Aziz

2022

Trop Anim Health Prod

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The incorporation of novel technologies such as artificial intelligence, data mining, and advanced statistical methodologies have received wide responses from researchers. This study was designed to model the factors impacting the actual milk yield of Holstein–Friesian cows using the proportional odds ordered logit model (OLM). A total of 8300 lactation records were collected for cows calved between 2005 and 2019. The actual milk yield, the outcome variable, was categorized into three levels: low (< 4500 kg), medium (4500–7500 kg), and high (> 7500 kg). The studied predictor variables were age at first calving (AFC), lactation order (LO), days open (DO), lactation period (LP), peak milk yield (PMY), and dry period (DP). The proportionality assumption of odds using the logit link function was verified for the current datasets. The goodness-of-fit measures revealed the suitability of the ordered logit models to datasets structure. Results showed that cows with younger ages at first calving produce two times higher milk quantities. Also, longer days open were associated with higher milk yield. The highest amount of milk yield was denoted by higher lactation periods (> 250 days). The peak yield per kg was significantly related to the actual yield (P < 0.05). Moreover, shorter dry periods showed about 1.5 times higher milk yield. The greatest yield was observed in the 2nd and 4th parities, with an odds ratio (OR) equal to 1.75, on average. In conclusion, OLM can be used for analyzing dairy cows’ data, denoting fruitful information as compared to the other classical regression models. In addition, the current study showed the possibility and applicability of OLM in understanding and analyzing livestock datasets suited for planning effective breeding programs.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

The estimation and interpretation of ordered logit models for assessing the factors connected with the productivity of Holstein–Friesian dairy cows in Egypt

Moawed

El-Aziz

2022

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…Milk fat content tended to increase in the subsequent lactation for cows with a 30-d DP compared with cows with a 60-d DP [3], but milk fat yield was not different between 30-d and 60-d DP [3] or between 0-d and 60-d DP [30]. The milk protein percentage for cows with shortened or omitted DP is higher than that for cows with a traditional DP [3,4,29]. Watters et al [31] reported that there was a significant difference in lactose content for cows with shortened DP compared with cows with 60-d DP.…”

Section: Milk Production and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Milk yield losses of cows with omitting DP are partially compensated by the additional milk yield before calving within the range from 438 to 1,186 kg [3,7,8,10]. Boustan et al [29] reported that accounting for additional milk yield before calving completely compensated for the loss of milk production resulting from shortening the DP to 30 days or 45 days in high-producing dairy cows under heat stress. Milk fat content tended to increase in the subsequent lactation for cows with a 30-d DP compared with cows with a 60-d DP [3], but milk fat yield was not different between 30-d and 60-d DP [3] or between 0-d and 60-d DP [30].…”

Section: Milk Production and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dry period length on milk production and physiological responses of heat-stressed dairy cows during the transition period

Lim¹,

Jung²,

Ki³

et al. 2023

J Anim Sci Technol

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a traditional dry period (60 d) versus a no dry period (0 d) on the milk production, physiological response, and metabolic status of dairy cows exposed to heat stress during the transition period. Holstein dairy cows (n = 15) with similar expected calving dates were randomly assigned to two different dry period lengths: (1) no dry period (n = 7) and(2) a traditional dry period of 60 days (n = 8). All cows were studied from 8 weeks before expected calving to 10 weeks after calving and experienced heat stress during the transition period. The results showed that cows with no dry period decreased their milk yield in subsequent lactation, but compensated for the loss of milk yield accounted for by additional milk yield before calving. The energy balance at postpartum was improved in cows with no dry period compared to cows with a traditional dry period. There were no significant differences in the physiological response and blood metabolites at postpartum between the dry period lengths of dairy cows exposed to heat stress during the transition period. Taken together, our results showed that omitting the dry period improved the milk production and metabolic status of dairy cows exposed to heat stress during the transition period.

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“…This effect is exacerbated in high-yielding dairy cows, due to higher consumption and production thermogenesis. Many negative effects of HS on dairy cows have been reported, including the upregulated oxidative stress status [ 1 ], increased susceptibility to mastitis [ 2 ], and decreased milk production and quality [ 3 ]. Exploring effective ways to attenuate the adverse effects of HS on dairy cows deserves great importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that the activated Nrf2 translocation from the cytosol into the nucleus initiates the gene transcription of several key downstream antioxidant molecules, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and thioredoxin reductase-1 (Txnrd1), thus scavenging free radicals and resisting oxidative stress [ 6 ]. The Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway plays a vital role in regulating intracellular redox by protecting cells from ROS [ 3 ]. Additionally, the reduction of ROS via activating Nrf2 can also inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby decreasing the expression of intracellular pro-inflammatory factors [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Procyanidin B2 Alleviates Heat-Induced Oxidative Stress through the Nrf2 Pathway in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

Wang

Hao²,

Li³

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects and potential molecular mechanisms of procyanidin B2 (PB2) in MAC-T (mammary alveolar cells-large T antigen) cells during heat stress (HS). The MAC-T cells were divided into three treatment groups: control (37 °C), HS (42 °C), and PB2 + HS (42 °C). Compared with MAC-T cells that were consistently cultured at 37 °C, acute HS treatment remarkably decreased cell viability, reduced activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and elevated intracellular levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was activated and translocated to the nucleus, in accompaniment with upregulation of Nrf2, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), thioredoxin reductase 1 (Txnrd1), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). In parallel, both mRNA transcript and actual protein secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), were increased by heat stress. Pretreatment of MAC-T cells with 0~25 μM PB2 alleviated the decline of cell viability by HS in a dose-dependent fashion and protected cells against HS-induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by significantly improved CAT, SOD, and T-AOC activity, as well as with decreased MDA and ROS generation. Furthermore, PB2 further activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway and reversed the inflammatory response induced by HS. Silencing of Nrf2 by si-Nrf2 transfection not only exacerbated HS-induced cell death and provoked oxidative stress and the inflammatory response, but also greatly abolished the cytoprotective effects under HS of PB2. In summary, PB2 protected MAC-T cells against HS-induced cell death, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response, partially by operating at the Nrf2 signal pathway.

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Effects of dry period length on milk yield and content and metabolic status of high-producing dairy cows under heat stress

Cited by 5 publications

References 55 publications

The estimation and interpretation of ordered logit models for assessing the factors connected with the productivity of Holstein–Friesian dairy cows in Egypt

The estimation and interpretation of ordered logit models for assessing the factors connected with the productivity of Holstein–Friesian dairy cows in Egypt

Effects of dry period length on milk production and physiological responses of heat-stressed dairy cows during the transition period

Procyanidin B2 Alleviates Heat-Induced Oxidative Stress through the Nrf2 Pathway in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

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