Effects of Drugs on Spontaneous Motor Activity

Dourish, C T

doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-461-0_4

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…These observations are consistent with previous studies showing that aging and hypertension impair associative learning [42], and support the possibility that hypertension may accentuate age-related detrimental effects upon these cognitive functions. Repeated exposure to a novel environment leads to a reduction in activity [51]. The level of spontaneous activity in the two strains decreased with age, suggesting a higher rate of habituation to a novel environment, probably related to maturity and/or a decreased activity associated with senescence [44].…”

Section: Effects Of Aging and Hypertension On Learning And Memorymentioning

confidence: 98%

Spontaneously hypertensive rat as a model of vascular brain disorder: Microanatomy, neurochemistry and behavior

Tayebati¹,

Tomassoni²,

Amenta³

2012

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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Section: Effects Of Aging and Hypertension On Learning And Memorymentioning

confidence: 98%

Spontaneously hypertensive rat as a model of vascular brain disorder: Microanatomy, neurochemistry and behavior

Tayebati¹,

Tomassoni²,

Amenta³

2012

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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“…The stringent habituation protocol employed for these assessments (e.g., for 5 days before the treatment protocols were initiated the rats were daily subjected to the entire testing procedure) likely aided in minimizing the contribution of environmental cues to the responses seen after drug treatment. This possibility also may have contributed to the fact that the first exposure to morphine did not enhance ambulations, for strong familiarity with the test environment is known to diminish drug-induced locomotor scores in rats (Dourish, 1987).…”

Section: Conditioning Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventral pallidal injections of amu antagonist block the development of behavioral sensitization to systemic morphine

Johnson

Napier

2000

Synapse

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Acute activation of opioid receptors in the ventral pallidum increases motor behaviors in rats. The present study was designed to investigate the possibility that the ventral pallidum influences motor responses induced by chronic opiate treatments and to examine the receptors that may be involved in such an effect. For five consecutive days, ambulations were quantified after rats received once‐daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of morphine (10 mg/kg) or saline following bilateral intra‐ventral pallidal injections of either saline (0.5 μl/hemisphere), the μ antagonist CTOP (2.1 μg/0.5μl/hemisphere), or the D1 antagonist SCH23390 (0.25 μg/0.5μl/hemisphere). Behavioral sensitization to an acute morphine challenge (10 mg/kg i.p.) was assessed 72 h after terminating the repeated treatment regimen. Rats who repeatedly received the intra‐ventral pallidal saline + i.p. morphine exhibited increases in ambulations during the chronic treatment protocol and this effect was greatly enhanced (i.e., sensitized) following the post withdrawal acute morphine challenge. Rats repeatedly treated with intra‐ventral pallidal CTOP + i.p. morphine did not display a motor response either during the chronic treatment regime or to the acute morphine challenge; an effect not seen when CTOP was injected into brain structures located dorsal to the ventral pallidum. The rats repeatedly treated with intra‐ventral pallidal injections of SCH23390 + i.p. morphine demonstrated a motor response during the chronic protocol but the magnitude of this response was not significantly enhanced by the acute morphine challenge. These results demonstrate that: 1) μ opioid and D1‐like dopamine receptors in the ventral pallidum influence the increase in locomotion that occurs during repeated morphine treatments; and 2) μ opioid (but not D1) receptors in the ventral pallidum are important in the postwithdrawal sensitized response to morphine. Such observations indicate that the ventral pallidum plays a critical role in morphine‐induced behavioral sensitization. Synapse 38:61–70, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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“…The study provided an opportunity to assess a number of physiological, biochemical, immunological and behavioural indices, such as temperature, body weight, blood enzymes, metabolites and immune responses. Ancillary information on spontaneous activity, a valuable indicator of health status, 12,13 was collected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological consequences of multiple vaccine and pyridostigmine pretreatment in the guinea pig

Griffiths

Hornby

Stevens

et al. 2001

J of Applied Toxicology

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An investigation of the possible interactions between combinations of vaccines and pyridostigmine bromide (PB) has been undertaken in the guinea pig. This study is part of a research programme funded by the UK Government to determine any effects of the pretreatment regimes given to UK Forces during the Persian Gulf conflict of 1990-1991. The study was designed to simulate PB administration and to model multiple vaccination protocols that were experienced by UK Forces, modelling a "worst case" situation in which all ten vaccines and PB were administered within a short period of time. Seven of the vaccines were health and hygiene (H+H) vaccines given to protect against endemic diseases and two vaccines to protect against the biological warfare agents anthrax and plague. In addition, pertussis vaccine was administered as an adjuvant to reduce the time to achieve immunity against anthrax. Four groups of eight animals were treated with 1/20th, 1/10th or 1/5th human doses of vaccines or vehicles, respectively. The PB or saline was delivered by implanted 28 day mini-osmotic pumps to achieve a mean red blood cell acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition of around 30%. Body weight, temperature, immunological response, biochemical indices and spontaneous activity were monitored for 72 days. Although immunological responses to bacterial vaccines were observed, there were no remarkable findings in the parameters measured other than minor changes in body weight (4.9% decrease at the 1/5th human dose of vaccines) and temperature increases in response to vaccination. Animals in all groups remained generally healthy and active without visible adverse signs throughout the study. Reproduced with the permission of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Effects of Drugs on Spontaneous Motor Activity

Cited by 9 publications

References 89 publications

Spontaneously hypertensive rat as a model of vascular brain disorder: Microanatomy, neurochemistry and behavior

Spontaneously hypertensive rat as a model of vascular brain disorder: Microanatomy, neurochemistry and behavior

Ventral pallidal injections of amu antagonist block the development of behavioral sensitization to systemic morphine

Biological consequences of multiple vaccine and pyridostigmine pretreatment in the guinea pig

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