Effects of drug substitution programs on offending among drug‐addicts

Abstract

Killias, M. Effects of drug substitution programs on offending among drug-addicts. Oslo (Norway), 2009.

Effectiveness of Prison-based Drug Treatment Programs: A Systematic Review of Meta-analyses

“…This finding at first seems to contradict the findings of other systematic reviews which point to a positive effect of pharmacological intervention programs administered outside the prisons (Egli et al, 2009;Perry et al, 2013;Perry et al, 2015). The context within which the intervention takes place can significantly affect the results ).…”

“…(e) The original evaluation studies must have the following method characteristics: there must be at least one control or comparison group; the control group should be exposed to either no intervention or minimal treatment, and the control group must not include dropouts (people who had previously participated in the treatment program but later left it). Some systematic reviews which did not meet one or more of these criteria could not be included in this study (e.g., Adams, Leukefeld, & Peden, 2008;Bright & Martire, 2013;Egli, Pina, Skovbo Christensen, Aebi, & Killias, 2009;Ferri, Davoli, & Perucci, 2011;Fiestas & Ponce, 2012;Hedrich et al, 2011;Holloway, Bennett, & Farrington, 2005Koehler, Humphreys, Akoensi, Sanchez de Ribera, & Lösel, 2014;Larney, 2010;Mazerolle, Soole, & Rombouts, 2007;McMurran, 2006;Minozzi et al, 2011;Mitchell, Wilson, Eggers, & MacKenzie, 2012;Perry, 2006;Perry, Darwin, et al, 2009;Perry et al, 2013;Perry et al, 2015aPerry et al, , 2015bPerry, Newman, et al, 2009;Tripodi, Bledsoe, Kim, & Bender, 2011;Smedslund et al, 2011;Smith, Gates, & Foxcroft, 2006;Stallwitz & Stöver, 2007).…”

“…Yet it should also be noted that the meta-analyses included in this review differ significantly from other studies in terms of the inclusions criteria and especially the characteristics of the control group. Additionally, the meta-analytic study performed by Egli et al (2009) examined whether or not different types of programs were more effective than one another, rather than assessing the effectiveness of pharmacological intervention programs in general. However, in Mitchell, Wilson, and MacKenzie's (2012) study, differences in the narcotics maintenance programs applied in prisons could not be examined in terms of the type of substance used in the treatment.…”

Treatment Programmes for Substance Abusing Offenders in Europe: A Survey of Routine Practice

“…This result is unsurprising given that different meta-analytic systematic reviews support the use of a variety of treatment types, such as pharmacological treatment (Egli et al 2009), therapeutic communities (Pearson and Lipton 1999) and mainly behavioural psychosocial programmes (Holloway et al 2008). However, CBT programmes, which were applied most frequently, are rarely evaluated in Europe (Koehler et al 2014).…”

“…For example, one recent meta-analysis of European drug treatment programmes found positive effects for treatment in general, especially those using pharmacological treatments (Koehler et al 2014). The particular success of pharmacological treatments has also been observed in North American contexts (Amato et al 2005;Ball and Ross 1991;Egli et al 2009). …”