Effects of divergent selection for 8-week body weight on postnatal enzyme activity pattern of 3 fiber types in fast muscles of male broilers (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Abstract

A divergent selection experiment was conducted for 8-wk BW in chickens. At 3, 6, 9, and 12 wk of age, samples of pectoralis profundus (PP) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles from fast-growing and slow-growing lines were used to estimate the enzyme activities and muscle fiber diameter. Microphotometric measurements made in situ of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH, EC 1.3.99.1) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH, EC 1.1.99.5) were completed on serial sections of PP and BF muscles from male chickens, in order to examine the ratio of SDH:GPDH activity in single fibers. On the basis of the SDH:GPDH activity ratios, muscle fibers were divided using cluster analysis into 3 populations of different fiber types (O = oxidative, OG = oxidative-glycolytic, and G = glycolytic). Cockerels of the SGL attained an 8.1-fold increase and those of the FGL a 6.8-fold increase in BW at 12 wk compared with that at 3 wk of age. The O, OG, and G type fibers of the BF muscles of the SGL had significantly (P ≤ 0.001) lower SDH:GPDH activity ratios than those of the FGL. A step decrease in the SDH:GPDH activity of O, OG, and G fibers in the PP of both lines occurred, and this differed significantly between SGL and FGL (P ≤ 0.001). Age and line effects influenced the diameter of the 3 fiber types in the BF muscle only. In contrast to this response, all 3 fiber types of the PP muscles reached similar diameters in both lines during the growth process from wk 3 to 12. From the results of this study, we concluded that the activities of metabolic enzymes in skeletal muscle fibers are under the influence of muscle type, age, and selection pressure. Microphotometry is a suitable method for the evaluation of enzyme activity measured in a single muscle fiber. The method enables precise estimation of enzyme activities, especially in muscles composed of populations of different metabolic fiber types.

Genome-wide profiling of Sus scrofa circular RNAs across nine organs and three developmental stages

“…Postnatal growth of skeletal muscle is mainly realized through increases in the length and girth of muscle fibres, but not by increases in muscle fibre number. 52 To understand the regulation of circRNAs in skeletal muscle, we performed expression profiling of circRNAs in skeletal muscle at postnatal days 0, 30, and 240 (designated D0, D30, and D240, respectively). This profiling allowed evaluation of dynamic changes in circRNA expression from birth until adulthood and identification of circRNAs associated with muscle growth.…”

The effect of nutritional status on myogenic gene expression of satellite cells derived from different muscle types

“…Powell et ah (2014) showed that SC originating from the biceps femoris (b. femoris) muscle containing fast-twitch-oxidative-glycolytic (FOG), fast-twitchglycolytic (FG), and slow-twitch-oxidative (SO) fibers (Dahmane Gosnak et al, 2010) and the predominantly FG pectoralis major (p. major) muscle (Rosser et al, 1996) have a differential response to nutrition with changes in adipogenic gene expression, lipid accumula tion, and apoptosis. Additionally, differences in prolif eration and expression of the MRF have been observed in rat FG and SO muscle SC (Lagord et al, 1998;Manzano et al, 2011).…”

The effect of temperature on proliferation and differentiation of chicken skeletal muscle satellite cells isolated from different muscle types

“…; Dahmane Gošnak et al. ). Mixed fiber type muscles, such as the biceps femoris (b. femoris), contain characteristics of both fiber types.…”