Effects of dimethylglycine sodium salt supplementation on growth performance, hepatic antioxidant capacity, and mitochondria-related gene expression in weanling piglets born with low birth weight1

Feng, Chengcheng; Bai, Kaiwen; Wang, Anan; Ge, Xiaoke; Zhao, Yongwei; Zhang, Lili; Wang, Tian

doi:10.1093/jas/sky233

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…The increased ALP level in serum is related to the impairment of hepatic function resulting from liver cholestasis as well as the destroyed hepatocyte membrane. Similar observations have been reported in low-birth-weight piglets [61]. Also, liver dysfunction has been reported in IUGR infants [62].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Dietary Supplementation of L-Arginine and N-Carbamylglutamate Attenuated the Hepatic Inflammatory Response and Apoptosis in Suckling Lambs with Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Zhang

Fan

Elsabagh

et al. 2020

Mediators of Inflammation

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L-arginine (Arg) is a semiessential amino acid with several physiological functions. N-Carbamylglutamate (NCG) can promote the synthesis of endogenous Arg in mammals. However, the roles of Arg or NCG on hepatic inflammation and apoptosis in suckling lambs suffering from intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are still unclear. The current work is aimed at examining the effects of dietary Arg and NCG on inflammatory and hepatocyte apoptosis in IUGR suckling lambs. On day 7 after birth, 48 newborn Hu lambs were selected from a cohort of 432 twin lambs. Normal-birthweight and IUGR Hu lambs were allocated randomly (n = 12/group) to control (CON), IUGR, IUGR+1% Arg, or IUGR+0.1% NCG groups. Lambs were fed for 21 days from 7 to 28 days old. Compared with CON lambs, relative protein 53 (P53), apoptosis antigen 1 (Fas), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), caspase-3, cytochrome C, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65, and NF-κB pp65 protein levels were higher (P < 0:05) in liver from IUGR lambs, whereas those in liver from IUGR lambs under Arg or NCG treatment were lower than those in IUGR lambs. These findings indicated that supplementing Arg or NCG reduced the contents of proinflammatory cytokines at the same time when the apoptosis-related pathway was being suppressed, thus suppressing the IUGR-induced apoptosis of hepatic cells.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Dietary Supplementation of L-Arginine and N-Carbamylglutamate Attenuated the Hepatic Inflammatory Response and Apoptosis in Suckling Lambs with Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Zhang

Fan

Elsabagh

et al. 2020

Mediators of Inflammation

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“…But the mRNA expression of SOD1 and GPx1 showed no significant differences compared with NBW piglets. Similarly, Feng [8] found that there is no difference in the mRNA expression of GPx1 and SOD1 in low body weight piglets and NBW piglets. Diets supplemented with DHA significantly increased the hepatic mRNA expression of HO-1 and Nrf2 in IUGR-affected piglets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In addition to the high rates of perinatal mortality, IUGR has recently been shown to increase the risk of oxidative damage and reports also suggest that fetal hepatocytes in infants affected by IUGR might be subjected to oxidative damage, which reduces their ability to detoxify the liver [6,7] The liver is the metabolic center of the body and plays an important role in the absorption and metabolism of nutrients. Many studies have reported that IUGR can cause severe oxidative damage to the liver of piglets [8,9]. Aydan [10] demonstrated that IUGR can destroy the dynamic balance of the oxidation-antioxidant system in the liver, which can cause damage to the body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Dihydroartemisinin Supplementation Attenuates Hepatic Oxidative Damage of Weaned Piglets with Intrauterine Growth Retardation through the Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway

Zhao

et al. 2019

Animals

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Simple Summary: Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is usually defined as fetal growth below the tenth percentile for gestational age and results in impaired development and growth of the fetus during gestation. In addition to the high rates of perinatal mortality, IUGR has recently been shown to increase the risk of oxidative damage. Therefore, it is important to improve the body's antioxidant capacity and reduce the oxidative damage caused by IUGR. The nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2/ antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) signaling pathway plays an important role in the defense against oxidative damage by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is traditionally used to treat malaria. In addition, DHA has protective effects through increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and genes and the protein expression of Nrf2. Our results showed that dietary dihydroartemisinin supplementation improved antioxidant status in piglets with IUGR. Therefore, DHA can alleviate oxidative damage induced by IUGR in animals. Abstract:The object of present study was to evaluate the effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) supplementation on the hepatic antioxidant capacity in IUGR-affected weaned piglets. Eight piglets with normal birth weight (NBW) and sixteen IUGR-affected piglets were selected. Piglets were weaned at 21 days. NBW and IUGR groups were fed a basal diet and the ID group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 80 mg/kg DHA for 28 days. The result indicated that compared with NBW piglets, IUGR-affected piglets increased (p < 0.05) the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased (p < 0.05) the serum activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). In addition, IUGR-affected piglets showed increased (p < 0.05) hepatic concentrations of protein carbonyl (PC), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and an increased GSSG:GSH value. IUGR-affected piglets exhibited lower (p < 0.05) activities of GSH-Px, T-SOD, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and the concentration of glutathione (GSH). DHA supplementation decreased (p < 0.05) the serum concentration of MDA and increased the serum activities of T-AOC, T-SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT. The ID group showed decreased (p < 0.05) concentrations of MDA, PC, 8-OHdG, and GSSG, and a decreased GSSG:GSH value in the liver. The hepatic activity of T-SOD and the concentration of GSH were increased (p < 0.05) in the liver of ID group. IUGR-affected piglets downregulated (p < 0.05) mRNA expression of nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and CAT. DHA supplementation increased (p < 0.05) mRNA expression of Nrf2, HO-1, GPx1, and CAT in the ID group. In addition, the protein expression of Nrf2 was downregulated (p < 0.05) in the liver of IUGR-affected piglets and DHA supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the protein content of Nrf2 and HO-1. In conclusion, DHA may be beneficial in alleviating oxidative damage induced by IUGR throu...

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“…Moreover, IUGR piglets have been shown to be correlated with high morbidity and mortality, stunted growth, as well as poor carcass quality [1]. Great efforts have been made to minimize the negative effects of IUGR, and some investigations have shown that dietary nutrient supplementation can improve the survival and growth performance of IUGR piglets (e.g., mid-chain triglycerides [3], choline [4], arginine [5], and dimethylglycine sodium salt [6]). However, the underlying mechanisms of nutrient utilization in IUGR piglets were not well defined, and it is difficult to take effective measures to maximize the performance of IUGR piglets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver transcriptome profiling and functional analysis of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) piglets reveals a genetic correction and sexual-dimorphic gene expression during postnatal development

et al. 2020

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Background Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains a major problem associated with swine production. Thus, understanding the physiological changes of postnatal IUGR piglets would aid in improving growth performance. Moreover, liver metabolism plays an important role in the growth and survival of neonatal piglets. Results By profiling the transcriptome of liver samples on postnatal Days 1, 7, and 28, our study focused on characterizing the growth, function, and metabolism in the liver of IUGR neonatal piglets. Our study demonstrates that the livers of IUGR piglets were associated with a series of complications, including inflammatory stress and immune dysregulation; cytoskeleton and membrane structure disorganization; dysregulated transcription events; and abnormal glucocorticoid metabolism. In addition, the abnormal liver function index in the serum [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total protein (TP)], coupled with hepatic pathological and ultrastructural morphological changes are indicative of liver damage and dysfunction in IUGR piglets. Moreover, these results reveal the sex-biased developmental dynamics between male and female IUGR piglets, and that male IUGR piglets may be more sensitive to disrupted metabolic homeostasis. Conclusions These observations provide a detailed reference for understanding the mechanisms and characterizations of IUGR liver functions, and suggest that the potential strategies for improving the survival and growth performance of IUGR offspring should consider the balance between postnatal catch-up growth and adverse metabolic consequences. In particular, sex-specific intervention strategies should be considered for both female and male IUGR piglets.

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Effects of dimethylglycine sodium salt supplementation on growth performance, hepatic antioxidant capacity, and mitochondria-related gene expression in weanling piglets born with low birth weight1

Cited by 25 publications

References 57 publications

Dietary Supplementation of L-Arginine and N-Carbamylglutamate Attenuated the Hepatic Inflammatory Response and Apoptosis in Suckling Lambs with Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Dietary Supplementation of L-Arginine and N-Carbamylglutamate Attenuated the Hepatic Inflammatory Response and Apoptosis in Suckling Lambs with Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Dietary Dihydroartemisinin Supplementation Attenuates Hepatic Oxidative Damage of Weaned Piglets with Intrauterine Growth Retardation through the Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway

Liver transcriptome profiling and functional analysis of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) piglets reveals a genetic correction and sexual-dimorphic gene expression during postnatal development

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