Effects of diffraction efficiency on the modulation transfer function of diffractive lenses

Buralli, Dale A.; Morris, G. Michael

doi:10.1364/ao.31.004389

Cited by 125 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…To determine the polychromatic transfer function for a diffractive lens, it is first to define a polychromatic integrated efficiency for the wavelength band ranging from  min to  max . Denoting the integrated efficiency at wavelength  by   (), the polychromatic integrated efficiency is given by [6] .…”

Section: Optimized Design For a Zoom System Using Diffractive Lensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these situations, it is known that scalar predictions of diffraction efficiency are valid to replace the   () of Eq. (14) [6,15]. The scalar diffraction theory value for the diffraction efficiency in order m for wavelength  is given by ,…”

Section: Optimized Design For a Zoom System Using Diffractive Lensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the diffractive lenses are designed to be very weakly powered and the wavelength to zone period ratio is very small across the entire lens, the scalar predictions of diffraction efficiency are valid to calculate the polychromatic integrated diffraction efficiency. The changes of the MTF(Modulation Transfer Function) due to diffraction efficiency are evaluated from the polychromatic integrated efficiency [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Analysis of a 10× Optical Zoom System for an LWIR Camera

Park

2014

Journal of the Optical Society of Korea

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This paper presents the design and evaluation of the optical zoom system for an LWIR camera. The operating wavelength range of this system is from 7.7 µm to 12.8 µm. Through a paraxial design and optimization process, we have obtained the extended four-group inner-focus zoom system with focal lengths of 10 to 100 mm, which consists of the six lenses including four aspheric surfaces and two diffractive surfaces. The diffractive lenses were used to balance the higher-order aberrations, and its diffraction properties were evaluated by scalar diffraction theory. We have calculated the polychromatic integrated diffraction efficiency and the MTF drop generated by background noise. The f-number of the zoom system is F/1.4 at all positions. Fields of view are given by 51.28°×38.46° at wide field and 5.50°×4.12° at narrow field positions. In conclusion, this design procedure results in a 10× compact zoom lens system useful for an LWIR camera.

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Section: Optimized Design For a Zoom System Using Diffractive Lensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optimized Design For a Zoom System Using Diffractive Lensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Analysis of a 10× Optical Zoom System for an LWIR Camera

Park

2014

Journal of the Optical Society of Korea

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“…The machining errors of diffractive optical elements directly affect the diffraction efficiency, which leads to the degradation of the imaging quality of the diffractive hybrid optical system. [10] There are two main errors in the machining of diffractive optical elements: The first is the height errors of the diffractive microstructure, and the second is the cycle width errors of the diffractive microstructure. Usually, these two errors come together and work together.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on Polychromatic Integral Diffraction Efficiency for Dual-wavebands Harmonic Diffractive Optical Elements

Chang¹,

Yi²

2018

Proceedings of the 2017 4th International Conference on Machinery, Materials and Computer (MACMC 2017)

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Abstract. Harmonic diffractive optical elements(HDOEs) can make multiple-wavebands imaged on the same image plane, which have be widely used in the infrared imaging optical systems. The mathematical model of effects on diffraction efficiency and polychromatic integral diffraction efficiency(PIDE) caused by single point diamond turning processing for dual-wavebands harmonic diffractive optical elements have been set up. And the expressions on diffraction efficiency and PIDE by machining errors including micro-structure heights and widths have been deduced. In order to make the maximum PIDE value over the dual-wavebands, the machining errors should be designed and distributed. Based on the above analysis, the dual-waveband harmonic diffractive optical elements used in 3.7um-4.3um and 8.7um-8.7um wavebands have been analyzed and simulated with MATLAB software on the two conditions including the oblique incidence and general incident distributions for the machining errors, which can be directly used to evaluate broadband hybrid diffractive-reflective optical systems imaging quality. Through the relationship between PIDE and machining errors of dual-wavebands HDOEs, the optical modulation transfer function can be analyzed. The results can be applied to dual band imaging optical systems for controlling the harmonic diffractive optical element processing and machining errors as well as the incident angle design for the hybrid diffractive-reflective optical systems.

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“…The 2π-phase jump is in general achieved at a single energy, the blaze wavelength. Illuminated at another wavelength, the 2π-phase jump is not maintained and light is no longer funneled into a single order; the deviation results in the apparition of deterministic scattering into spurious diffraction orders, which represents a severe limitation for optical systems designed to operate over finite spectral bands [3]. This drawback is observed for most diffractive optical components reported so far, including classical optical diffractive components such as échelette components, spatial light modulators or volume holograms [2].…”

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Broadband and Efficient Diffraction

Ribot

Lee

Collin

et al. 2013

Advanced Optical Materials

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Abstract:Surface topography dictates the deterministic functionality of diffraction by a surface. In order to maximize the efficiency with which a diffractive optical component, such as a grating or a diffractive lens, directs light into a chosen order of diffraction, it is necessary that it be "blazed". The efficiency of most diffractive optical components reported so far varies with the wavelength, and blazing is achieved only at a specific nominal energy, the blaze wavelength. The existence of spurious light in undesirable orders represents a severe limitation that prevents using diffractive components in broadband systems. Here we experimentally demonstrate that broadband blazing over almost one octave can be achieved by combining advanced optical design strategies and artificial dielectric materials that offer dispersion chromatism much stronger than those of conventional bulk materials. The possibility of maintaining an efficient funneling of the energy into a specific order over a broad spectral range may empower advanced research to achieve greater control over the propagation of light, leading to more compact, efficient and versatile optical components.The basic principles for tailoring the electromagnetic field of free-space optical waves and the physics of reflection, refraction and diffraction on which it is based, have been well understood for a very long time. However, until relatively recently the whole of optical technology has been limited by the very reasonable constraint that optical systems can only be designed to be made from materials that are actually available. This paradigm is presently challenged with the introduction of electromagnetic metamaterials [1], which are artificially engineered structures that have effective dielectric or magnetic constitutive parameters not attainable with naturally occurring materials. Here we study graded metamaterial films composed of mesoscopic holes and pillars etched in a semiconductor substrate. Under illumination by an incident light whose wavelength is slightly larger than the indentation dimensions, the film implements unusually strong chromatic dispersions of the effective refractive-indices. We suggest that the fusion of low-cost lithographic techniques with this new 2 design strategy will play a central role in devising diffractive optical components that remain blazed over a broad range of energies. Our first generation device, fabricated with fully standard semiconductor processes in a GaAs wafer, offers an efficient funnelling of the incident energy into a single diffraction orders over almost an octave.The common way to achieve perfect blazing into a specific diffraction order is to imprint the incident electromagnetic field with a gradual phase variation that varies by exactly 2π from one side of a diffractive zone to the other. Echelette profiles with triangular grooves are common examples which have been manufactured for the last century [2]. The 2π-phase jump is in general achieved at a single energy, the blaze wavelength. Illuminated at...

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Effects of diffraction efficiency on the modulation transfer function of diffractive lenses

Cited by 125 publications

References 10 publications

Design and Analysis of a 10× Optical Zoom System for an LWIR Camera

Design and Analysis of a 10× Optical Zoom System for an LWIR Camera

Effects on Polychromatic Integral Diffraction Efficiency for Dual-wavebands Harmonic Diffractive Optical Elements

Broadband and Efficient Diffraction

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