Effects of Different Yeast Selenium Levels on Rumen Fermentation Parameters, Digestive Enzyme Activity and Gastrointestinal Microflora of Sika Deer during Antler Growth

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of different selenium supplemental levels on rumen fermentation microflora of sika deer at the velvet antler growth stage. A total of 20 5-year-old, healthy sika deer at the velvet antler growth stage with an average body weight of (98.08 ± 4.93) kg were randomly divided into 4 groups, and each group was fed in a single house. The SY1 group was the control group, and the SY2 group, SY3 group and SY4 group were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.3, 1.2 and 4.8 mg/kg selenium, respectively. The pretest lasted for 7 days, and the formal trial period lasted for 110 days. The results show that: At the velvet antler growth stage, the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of sika deer in the SY2 group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.01). The digestibility of cellulose and crude fiber of sika deer in the SY2 group was significantly higher than those in the SY3 and SY4 groups (p < 0.01) and significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05). The contents of acetic acid and propionic acid in the rumen fluid of sika deer in the SY2 group were significantly higher than those in the SY1 group (p < 0.05). Digestive enzyme analysis of rumen fluid at the velvet antler growth stage showed that the activity of protease in rumen fluid in the SY2 group was significantly lower than those in the SY1 group and SY4 group (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Fibrobacter succinogenes in the SY2 group was significantly higher than that in the SY1 group (p < 0.05) and extremely significantly higher than those in the SY3 and SY4 groups (p < 0.01). Correlation analysis between yeast selenium level and bacterial abundance showed that the yeast selenium content in rumen fluid was significantly positively correlated with Butyrivibrio and Succiniclasticum (p < 0.01). Further verification of bacterial flora functioning showed that the SY2 group was more inclined to the degradation and utilization of fiber. In conclusion, 0.3 mg/kg selenium supplementation can increase the abundance of Prevotella ruminicola and Fibrobacter succinogenes in the rumen of sika deer and improve the degradation of fibrous substances by mediating the catabolite repression process.

Enhancing Rumen Fermentation and Bacteria Community in Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) through Varying Levels of Dragon Fruit Peel Polyphenolic Extract: An In Vitro Study

“…Similarly, previous studies [33,34] have reported that quercetin can increase ruminal VFA and decrease GP in vitro. In contrast, the present study revealed a comparatively lower total VFA content (10.78 to 11.95 mmol/L), while Sun et al reported rumen total VFA ranges from 13.17 to 23.59 mmol/L (in vivo) [35]. This may be related to the lower microbial concentration in vitro than in vivo [36].…”

In vitro Ruminal Cumulative Gas and Methane Production, Enzyme Activity, Fermentation Profile and Nutrient Digestibility on Feed Supplemented with Organic Selenium

“…5-7.5 (McDonald et al, 2011). This research revealed that the addition of organic Se did not result in any changes in NH3-N concentration, which is consistent with the findings of Sun et al (2023), who introduced Se-yeast into the diet of deer, Almaraz-Buendia et al (2018) when applied to oat hay and Faixová et al (2016) when supplementing organic and inorganic Se in sheep. A segment of NH3-N synthesis leads to the production of MCP through microorganisms, while the remainder is absorbed into the bloodstream and participates in the cycle of ruminal nitrogen.…”

Influence of pH, Heat Treatment of Inoculum, and Selenium Oxyanions on Concomitant Selenium Bioremediation and Volatile Fatty Acid Production from Food Waste

“…High RAs of the families that host novel selenium-reducing bacteria such as Tissierellaceae , Clostridiaceae , and Peptococcaceae were found in both acidic and alkaline pH in this study. − This explains the high selenium removal efficiency under both pH conditions. Notably, the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae is reported to have been strengthened in the presence of selenium. − Similarly, Bacteroidaceae is a well-known selenium-reducing bacterial family . However, the presence of these families that were found dominant at acidic pH decreased following the heat treatment, which could possibly result in the reduced Se removal rate.…”

“…Notably, the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae is reported to have been strengthened in the presence of selenium. 57 − 59 Similarly, Bacteroidaceae is a well-known selenium-reducing bacterial family. 60 However, the presence of these families that were found dominant at acidic pH decreased following the heat treatment, which could possibly result in the reduced Se removal rate.…”