Effects of Different Types of Dietary Lipids on Growth and Fatty Acid Composition of Largemouth Bass

Abstract

Abstract.-The effects of feeding diets supplemented with oils of varying sources and fatty acid compositions on growth, survival, and biochemical composition of juvenile largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides were evaluated under controlled conditions in aquaria for 12 weeks. Feed-trained juvenile largemouth bass (15.7 6 0.6 g) were stocked into eighteen 114-L glass aquaria at 25 fish/tank and were fed one of five experimental diets (3 replicate aquaria/diet). All diets were formulated to be approximately isocaloric (4,200 kcal gross energy per kilogram) and isonitrogenous (40% crude protein), containing protein primarily from solvent-extracted fish meal and soybean meal. Each diet was supplemented with 5% oil (by weight) using lipids from various sources and with different fatty acid compositions. These included fish oil, corn oil, sunflower oil (high oleic), linseed oil, and a fungal oil (high arachidonic acid). Fish were fed twice daily to apparent satiation. At the end of the study period, there were no significant differences (P . 0.05) between treatment groups in terms of survival (98%), weight gain (595%), specific growth rate (2.2% per day), feed conversion ratio (1.5), percent protein deposited (28%), or hepatosomatic index (2.3). Whole-body proximate composition was not significantly affected (P . 0.05) by source of added lipid, but whole-body fatty acid composition showed large differences and primarily reflected the fatty acid compositions of added oils. Largemouth bass may be able to use diets containing vegetable-and animal-source lipids, which are less expensive than the previously recommended fish oil.

Effects of Different Types of Oils on Growth Performance, Survival and Carcass Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…Fish fed diet B showed higher body crude protein and higher body fat was observed in fish fed on diet E containing only VO (ratio 1:1) compared to initial fish. This differs from the results of Tidwell et al, (2007) who showed that fatty acid composition of the diet had no effect on the proximate composition of the test fish. Richard et al, (2006) revealed that total replacement of dietary fish oil by the blend of vegetable oils did not modify muscle lipid content of rainbow trout.…”

“…The incorporation of vegetable oils in fish feed, replacing fish oil does not alter growth performance since the needs of essential fatty acids (EFAs) are covered (Corraze & Kaushik, 2009). Largemouth bass may be able to use diets containing vegetable and animal-source lipids, which are less expensive than fish oil previously recommended (Tidwell et al, 2007).…”

Selective Fatty Acid Metabolism, Not the Sequence of Dietary Fish Oil Intake, Prevails in Fillet Fatty Acid Profile Change in Sunshine Bass

“…The absence of production performance effects associated with use of the FO and CO feeds alone or in sequence is consistent with previous investigations of CO in feeds for sunshine bass (Lane et al 2006) and other carnivorous fishes (Manning et al 2006;Xue et al 2006;Lin and Shiau 2007;Tidwell et al 2007;Vargas et al 2008;Lee and Cho 2009). Although FO replacement with CO may be linked to impaired production performance, in these circumstances reduced growth is typically a function of essential FA deficiencies associated with reduced LC-PUFA intake (Lee et al 2003;Lee and Cho 2009).…”

Evaluation of Reduced Fish Meal Diets for Second Year Growout of the Largemouth Bass, Micropterus salmoides

“…Previous studies have provided some of the information required to begin to formulate economical species‐specific diets for LMB, including examination of protein levels (Tidwell et al 1996), protein/energy ratios (Bright et al 2005), effectiveness of amino acid supplementation (Coyle et al 2000), alternative lipid sources (Subhadra et al 2006a; Tidwell et al 2007), alternative protein sources (Tidwell et al 2005; Subhadra et al 2006b), and digestibility of ingredients (Portz and Cyrino 2004). However, with the exception of Tidwell et al (1996), all of these experiments were conducted in aquaria with juvenile fish.…”