Effects of different types of exercise training followed by detraining, on endothelium-dependent dilation in patients with recent myocardial infarction

Abstract

Background-In coronary artery disease, exercise training (ET) is associated with an improvement in endothelial function, but little is known about the relative effect of different types of training. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the effect of different types of ET on endothelial function in 209 patients after a first recent acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Results-Endothelial function was evaluated before and after 4 weeks of different types of ET and after 1 month of detraining by measuring flow-mediated dilation and von Willebrand factor levels at baseline and after ET. Patients were randomized into 4 groups: group 1, aerobic ET (nϭ52); group 2, resistance training (nϭ54); group 3, resistance plus aerobic training (nϭ53); and group 4, no training (nϭ50). At baseline, flow-mediated dilation was 4.5Ϯ2.6% in group 1, 4.01Ϯ1.6% in group 2, 4.4Ϯ4% in group 3, and 4.3Ϯ2.3% in group 4 (PϭNS). After ET, flow-mediated dilation increased to 9.9Ϯ2.5% in group 1, 10.1Ϯ2.6% in group 2, and 10.8Ϯ3% in group 3 (PϽ0.01 versus baseline for all groups); it also increased in group 4 but to a much lesser extent (to 5.1Ϯ2.5%; PϽ0.01 versus trained groups). The von Willebrand factor level after ET decreased by 16% (PϽ0.01) similarly in groups 1, 2, and 3 but remained unchanged in group 4. Detraining returned flow-mediated dilation to baseline levels (PϽ0.01 versus posttraining). Conclusion-In patients with recent acute myocardial infarction, ET was associated with improved endothelial function independently of the type of training, but this effect disappeared after 1 month of detraining.

Discontinuation of combined resistance?endurance training increases cardiovascular risk factors

“…Although recommendations and education for maintaining health benefits after discharge were provided to the patients throughout their first CR, adherence was poor during usual care after discharge, resulting in detraining and an increase in CVD risk factors, a finding that is in agreement with current literature [1,6]. Our data support previous reports that demonstrated favorable adaptations in cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure, lipids and endothelial function obtained after prolonged training, that were lost within a few weeks of detraining [7][8][9]. In our study, favorable and significant adaptations in blood lipids were reversed (p b 0.05), underscoring the need of exercise throughout life [10].…”

Effects of different physical training protocols on ventricular oxidative stress parameters in infarction-induced rats

“…Values expressed as mean ± SEM and p b 0.05 was considered as minimum significance between the sham and infarction groups (*) and untrained and trained groups (#). Vona et al, 2009). Most studies on the effect of training on cardiovascular function in patients with coronary disease are focused mainly on aerobic training.…”

Exercise Training and Endothelial Function

“…Moreover, exercise training brought significant antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and the number and migratory capacity of circulating progenitor cells were also significantly improved. Another elegantly conducted and helpful trial was reported in patients with recent myocardial infarction [40]. After a 1-month training phase, there was a significantly improved FMD after moderate aerobic exercise or resistance training, with no greater benefit from combined aerobic plus resistance training.…”