Effects of Different Types of Dietary Fibers on Lipid Metabolism and Bile Acids in Weaned Piglets

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary fiber on the serum biochemistry, bile acid profile, and gut microbiota in piglets. Twenty-four pigs (initial body weight: 10.53 ± 1.23 kg) were randomly divided into three treatments with eight replicate pens of one pig per pen for 21 d. The dietary treatments consisted of the following: (1) a fiber-free diet (NS); (2) a fiber-free diet + 3% fructooligosaccharides (SI); (3) a fiber-free diet + 3% dietary fiber mixture (fructooligosaccharides, long-chain inulin, and microcrystalline cellulose at the ratio 1:1:1; MIX). The results showed that compared with the NS group, the 3% SI diet reduced the serum total cholesterol (TC) concentration of the piglets (p < 0.05). The metabolomics results showed that the 3% SI diet increased the level of taurohyocholic acid (THCA) and α-muricholic acid, and the 3% MIX diet increased the level of THCA and cholic acid (p < 0.05). The use of 3% SI or MIX decreased the glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) level in the bile of the piglets (p < 0.05). The correlation analysis shows that the GDCA was positively related to the TC. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that UCG-002 and Holdemanella were enriched in the SI group, while Bacteroides was enriched in the MIX group. The microbial function prediction indicated that SI supplementation tended to elevate the relative abundance of gut bacteria capable of expressing bile acid-metabolizing enzymes. To sum up, the regulatory effect of dietary fiber on lipid metabolism is related to bile acids in piglets. Compared with MIX, SI is more likely to regulate bile acids through the gut microbiota.

High-protein high-konjac glucomannan diets changed glucose and lipid metabolism by modulating colonic microflora and bile acid profiles in healthy mouse models

“…65 High dietary fiber intake has been reported to decrease the levels of secondary bile acids, for instance, a previous study found that the use of 3% dietary fiber decreased the GDCA level in the bile of piglets and was associated with the serum TC concentrations. 66 Similar to our findings, studies have shown that high-fiber diets or resistant-starch diets resulted in lower levels of DCA or LCA in the large intestine, and could be explained by the changed colonic bacterial species. 17 Therefore, the changed colonic bile acid profile upon supplementation with high konjac glucomannan amounts was responsible for the improvement of hepatic lipid and glucose homeostasis as well as the intestinal microbiota profile of mice.…”

Corn straw-saccharification fiber improved the reproductive performance of sows in the late gestation and lactation via lipid metabolism

“…In this study, the expression of L-tyrosine in the serum of sows fed with different CSSF was increased, and the thickness of backfat was decreased, indicating that CSSF could regulate body health by promoting fat degradation. Moreover, a fiber-rich diet could enhance lipid metabolism ( 56 ), amino acid metabolism ( 57 ), and cofactor and vitamin metabolism ( 58 ). The KEGG enrichment analysis performed in this study emphasized these metabolic pathways, suggesting that CSSF could maintain body homeostasis by regulating lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, cofactor and vitamin metabolism.…”