Effects of different pedalling techniques on muscle fatigue and mechanical efficiency during prolonged cycling

Theurel, Jean; Crépin, Michel; Foissac, Matthieu; Temprado, Jean-Jacques

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01313.x

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…With fatigue, significance of horizontal elements of pedaling technique increases. At finish effectiveness of cyclists resulting forces increases [27]. Our results concord well with other data and are confirmed by them [2,3,6].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Most specialists mark out conventionally start, distance and finish segments [19,27]. Such division is a result of pedagogic observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These factors determine external and internal conditions of realization of athletes' motor potential in the process of competition activity [13,27]. Winners of elite competitions in kinds of sports for endurance do not reduce speed at the end of distance but increase it in state of rising fatigue [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bio-mechanical aspects of elite cyclists’ motor system adaptation in process of competition activity

Kolumbet

Natroshvili

Babyna

2017

PPS

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Purpose:to study the laws of motor structure adaptation of elite cyclists, specializing in 4 km individual pursuit racing on track. Material:in the research 18 elite athletes participated. We studied special aspects of athletes' coordination structure in experiment, which simulated competition activity. Results:at start segment of distance high speed depends on effectiveness of right leg's pulling; on pressing and pushing of left leg. At initial stage of distance high efficiency of pedaling is ensured by pressing and pulling of right and left legs. At middle segment high workability depends on movement of right leg; pressing, pulling and pushing of left leg. On finish speed depends by effectiveness of pressing, pulling and moving of right leg; pressing and pulling of left leg. Conclusions:the presented material creates real pre-conditions for development of bio-mechanical models of cyclists' pedaling technique. The received data can be used for special searching of optimal movement, considering competition tactic. The received results can be used for choosing of means and methods of athletes' movements' pedagogic re-constructions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Most specialists mark out conventionally start, distance and finish segments [19,27]. Such division is a result of pedagogic observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bio-mechanical aspects of elite cyclists’ motor system adaptation in process of competition activity

Kolumbet

Natroshvili

Babyna

2017

PPS

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“…The mentioned by us changes in pedaling structure in period of evident fatigue witness about weakening of muscles' contraction function and emersion of discoordination in nervous centers' functioning [11,21,25,28]. In opinion of some authors [1,6,14,17], increase of bio-potential oscillations' amplitude and reduction of frequency characteristics of electric myogram (like in our researches) witness about involvement of additional motor units in active state [7,14,29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Study of qualified cyclists movements’ coordination structure in period of overcoming fatigue during differently oriented trainings

Kolumbet

2017

PES

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Purpose:to study special aspects of pedaling structure and create diagnostic models of cyclists movements' coordination structure under fatigue in differently oriented trainings. Material:in the research 18 elite sportsmen participated. Sportsmen fulfilled training programs on ergo-meter, directed on development of speed-power potentials and endurance in anaerobic and aerobic work. Results:it was found that in period of fatigue overcoming dynamic shocks in applied efforts disappear and the picture of bio-dynamic components becomes smoother. With it, relative usage of efforts' horizontal components increases. In period of evident fatigue variability of movements' kinematic characteristics and integrated bio-electrical activity of the tested muscles increase; cyclists' efficiency reduces. Conclusions:distinctions in movements' structure of cyclists in period of fatigue overcoming witness about certain tendency to transition from impulse-type pedaling to circular type. It pre-conditioned increase importance efforts' components and effectiveness of their usage.

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“…A number of studies have investigated the laboratory practice of recording these measures [19,23,28,32], the impact of training status and interventions [1,7,15,16,17,26], gender [3,18], and adaptations that could result in improved efficiency [5,9,12,24,25,33]. Furthermore, it is suggested that there are potential performance benefits of improved efficiency as Jeukendrup and& Martin [21] calculated that increasing gross efficiency by 1%, for a 70 kg cyclist who can maintain a power output of 400 W for 1 h, would result in a 48s improvement for a timetrial over 40 km.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Gross Efficiency during Long Duration Submaximal Cycling Following a Short-term High Carbohydrate Diet

et al. 2013

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This version is made available in accordance with publishers' policies. All material made available by CReaTE is protected by intellectual property law, including copyright law. Any use made of the contents should comply with the relevant law.Contact: create.library@canterbury.ac.uk Improved gross efficiency during long duration submaximal cycling following a short-term high carbohydrate diet To assess the effect of short-term dietary manipulation on gross efficiency, 15 trained male cyclists (V O2max 56.3±7.0ml . kg -1. min -1 ,mean±SD) completed 3 x 2-hour tests at a submaximal exercise intensity (60% Power at V O2max). Using a randomised, crossover design participants consumed an isocalorific diet (~4000kcal . day -1 ) in the 3-days preceding each test, that was either high in carbohydrate (HighCHO, [70%carbohydrate, 20%fat, 10%protein]), low in carbohydrate (LowCHO, [70%fat, 20%carbohydrate, 10%protein]) or contained a moderate amount of carbohydrate (ModCHO, [45%carbohydrate, 45%fat, 10%protein). Gross efficiency (GE) along with blood lactate and glucose were assessed every 30mins, and heart rate was measured at 5second intervals throughout the test. Mean GE was significantly greater following the HighCHO diet than the ModCHO diet (HighCHO=20.4%±0.1%, Mod CHO=19.6±0.2%;P<0.001). Additionally, HighCHO GE was significantly greater after 25mins and 85mins than in the Low CHO Condition (P=0.015;P=0.021). Heart rate responses in the HighCHO condition were significantly lower than during the LowCHO tests (P=0.005). Dietary manipulation had no effect on blood glucose or blood lactate during exercise (P>0.05). In conclusion, significant differences in gross efficiency were obtained following alteration of participants' diet in the 3-days preceding assessment. This suggests that before the measurement of gross efficiency takes place, participants' diet should be carefully controlled and monitored to ensure the validity of the results obtained. To assess the effect of dietary manipulation on gross efficiency (GE), 15 trained male cyclists completed 3 x 2 hour tests at a submaximal exercise intensity (60% Maximal Minute Power). Using a randomized, crossover design participants consumed an isoenergetic diet (~4000 kcal.day-1) in the 3 days preceding each test, that was either high in carbohydrate (HighCHO, [70% of the total energy derived from carbohydrate, 20% fat, 10% protein]), low in carbohydrate (LowCHO, [70% fat, 20% carbohydrate, 10% protein]) or contained a moderate amount of carbohydrate (ModCHO, [45% carbohydrate, 45% fat, 10% protein). GE along with blood lactate and glucose were assessed every 30 minutes, and heart rate was measured at 5 second intervals throughout. Mean GE was significantly greater following the HighCHO than the ModCHO diet (HighCHO=20.4% ± 0.1%, ModCHO=19.6 ± 0.2%;P<0.001). Additionally, HighCHO GE was significantly greater after 25mins (P=0.015) and 85mins (P=0.021) than in the LowCHO condition. Heart rate responses in the HighCHO condition were significantly lower than during the LowCHO...

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Effects of different pedalling techniques on muscle fatigue and mechanical efficiency during prolonged cycling

Cited by 32 publications

References 28 publications

Bio-mechanical aspects of elite cyclists’ motor system adaptation in process of competition activity

Bio-mechanical aspects of elite cyclists’ motor system adaptation in process of competition activity

Study of qualified cyclists movements’ coordination structure in period of overcoming fatigue during differently oriented trainings

Improved Gross Efficiency during Long Duration Submaximal Cycling Following a Short-term High Carbohydrate Diet

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