Effects of Different Nitrogen Rates on Open-Field Vegetable Growth and Nitrogen Utilization in the North China Plain

Chen, Qing; Li, Xin; Horlacher, Dieter; Liebig, H.-P.

doi:10.1081/css-120038565

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The N treatment was with laboratory grade urea incorporated at 0, 200 and 500 kg N/ha. Urea N rates were selected based on the information that the agronomically effective N supply level for Chinese cabbage was about 350 kg N/ha for target marketable yields of 120 t/ha (Chen et al ., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of biochar, urea and their co‐application on nitrogen mineralization in soil and growth of Chinese cabbage

Baiga

Rao

2017

Soil Use and Management

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Experiments were conducted to study the effect of soil applications of kunai grass (Imperata cylindrica) biochar (0 and 10 t/ha) and laboratory grade urea (0, 200 and 500 kg N/ha) and their coapplication on nitrogen (N) mineralization in an acid soil. The results of an incubation study showed that the biochar only treatment and co-application with urea at 200 kg N/ha could impede transformation of urea to ammonium-N (NH 4 + -N). Soil application of biochar together with urea at 500 kg N/ha produced the highest nitrate-N (NO 3 À -N) and mineral N concentrations in the soil over 90 days. Co-application of urea N with biochar improved soil N mineralization parameters such as mineralization potential (N A ) and coefficient of mineralization rate (k) compared to biochar alone. In a parallel study performed under greenhouse conditions, Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis L.) showed significantly greater (P < 0.05) marketable fresh weight, dry matter production and N uptake in soil receiving urea N at 500 kg/ha or co-application of biochar with urea N compared to the control. Application of biochar only or urea only at 200 kg N/ha did not offer any short-term agronomic advantages. The N use efficiency of the crop remained unaffected by the fertilizer regimes. Applications of biochar only at 10 t/ha did not offer benefits in this tropical acid soil unless co-applied with sufficient urea N.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of biochar, urea and their co‐application on nitrogen mineralization in soil and growth of Chinese cabbage

Baiga

Rao

2017

Soil Use and Management

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“…6). Leafy plants are best for trapping nitrogen from the wastewater, but its growth can be impaired if sufficient nitrogen is not available (Chen et al, 2004). Rakocy (1999) reported that the tomato growth was good enough in aquaponics system.…”

Section: Sampling Datesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of tomato production in aquaponic system using different substrates

et al. 2015

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An aquaponics experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of different substrate such as gravel mixed with saw dust (1:1, T1), only brick lets and gravels (T2 and T3) for 116 days from 1 March to 25 June, 2013 at the roof of a building at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) residential area with two replications to produce tomato in summer. Tilapia (mean initial length and weight were 6.18±0.92 cm and 5.85±2.30 g, respectively) used as test animal at the rate of 134 fish/m3 water. The twenty days old healthy tomato seedlings were transplanted to the grow bed after stocking of tilapia. The waste water from the fish tank was irrigated using a 12 watt submersible pump to the vegetable beds and tank water was aerated with a 10 watt air pump fitted with two air stones. The irrigated water passed through the substrate where denitrifying and nitrifying bacteria converted nitrogenous compound to nitrites and then nitrates which then used by tomato plants as fertilizer and filtered water returned to the fish tank. Water quality, plant and fish growth were monitored fortnightly and detailed test was carried out three times in the lab. Evaporated and used up water was replaced with tap water daily. Data analysis showed that the water quality parameters were within the suitable range of fish culture. The mean length and weight of fish increased by 10.42±1.11 cm and 86.26±17.40 g, respectively. The FCR for tilapia feed used in the present aquaponic system was 2.73. Daily growth rate was 0.74% and the survival rate was 90%. Total fish production was found 130 tons/ha/116 days. In case of tomato, the results showed that overall plants growth and weight of fruits was higher in T3 than T1 and T2. Tomato production was 22.25, 37.74 and 87.41 tons/ha/116 days in T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Thus, present results revealed that the gravels substrate gave the highest tomato production than the brick lets and gravels mixed with saw dust substrate.Progress. Agric. 2014. 25: 54-62

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“…Reported net mineralization rates for fields in continuous crop production were 150 kg N ha -1 for a sandy soil in Germany (Gutezeit 1999), 46 kg N ha -1 for a loam soil over the winter growing season in China (Chen et al 2004), 77-146 kg N ha -1 yr -1 for course loam soil in New Brunswick (Zebarth et al 2004), <100->300 kg N ha -1 yr -1 for various mineral soils in Ontario (Kay et al 2004), and up to 1250 kg N ha -1 yr -1 for organic soil in Florida (Reddy 1982).…”

Section: Nitrogen and Carrot Yield Quality Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen utilization timeline of carrot over the growing season

Westerveld¹,

McDonald²,

McKeown³

2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Westerveld, S. M., McDonald, M. R. and McKeown, A. W. 2007. Nitrogen utilization timeline of carrot over the growing season. Can. J. Plant. Sci. 87: 587-592. A timeline of nitrogen (N) dynamics of the carrot crop was developed based on studies on the effects of N application on carrot growth, N uptake and partitioning, and interactions with Alternaria [ALB; A. dauci (Kühn) Groves and Skolko] and Cercospora [CLB; C. carotae (Pass.) Solheim] leaf blight. Preplant-applied fertilizer N affects yield only when residual N in the top 60 cm of the soil profile is insufficient. The majority of the N required by the crop is taken up beyond 50 d after seeding (DAS). Carrots have a root system that extends to 150-cm depth and >50% of the fibrous root system occurs below 30-cm depth. It is likely that N below 30 cm depth is required beyond 50 DAS, since the majority of the fibrous roots are below 30 cm depth after that stage. There is insufficient time for sidedressed N to leach into the active root system beyond 50 DAS, unless its application is timed before irrigation or rain events. Regardless of the amount of residual N, preplant-applied N is essential for minimizing leaf blight severity. It is possible that leaf blight defences are conferred upon leaf emergence and may benefit from abundant N at this time. A preplant soil nitrate-N test from both the top 30 cm and the 30-to 60-cm depth could be useful for determining residual N levels and for adjusting N fertilizer application rates accordingly. . L'application d'engrais N avant la plantation n'affecte le rendement que lorsque la concentration de N résiduel dans les premiers 60 cm de sol est insuffisante. La majeure partie du N dont la culture a besoin est absorbé plus de 50 jours après les semis. Le système racinaire de la carotte s'enfonce jusqu'à 150 cm de profondeur et au-delà de la moitié des racines fibreuses se trouvent à plus de 30 cm dans le sol. Passé le 50 e jour suivant les semis, il est donc probable que la plante aille chercher le N qu'il lui faut à une profondeur supérieure à 30 cm. À cette date, le temps manque pour que le N épandu en bandes latérales parvienne jusqu'aux racines actives, à moins que l'engrais soit appliqué avant l'irrigation ou des précipitations. Peu importe la quantité de N résiduel, il est essentiel d'appliquer un engrais azoté avant les semis si l'on veut minimiser la gravité de la brûlure des feuilles. En effet, il se peut que la plante acquière ses moyens de défense contre la maladie à l'apparition des feuilles. Elle pourrait donc bénéficier d'une abondance de N à ce moment. Doser les nitrates dans la couche supérieure de 30 cm du sol et entre 30 et 60 cm de profondeur avant la plantation pourrait aider à établir la concentration de N résiduel et le taux d'application des engrais azotés nécessaire pour rectifier la situation. Solheim] leaf blight severity, depth and distribution of roots, and N uptake and partitioning by carrots over the season. The purpose of this review article is to summarize the research on N effects on carrots...

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Effects of Different Nitrogen Rates on Open-Field Vegetable Growth and Nitrogen Utilization in the North China Plain

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of biochar, urea and their co‐application on nitrogen mineralization in soil and growth of Chinese cabbage

Effects of biochar, urea and their co‐application on nitrogen mineralization in soil and growth of Chinese cabbage

Feasibility of tomato production in aquaponic system using different substrates

Nitrogen utilization timeline of carrot over the growing season

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